Nature of Matter
Properties of Water
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Vocabulary
100
What is all matter made up of?
Atoms
100
Humans are made up of __________% of water
70%
100
What is the main function of carbohydrates?
primary energy source for organisms
100
What does hydrophobic mean?
Water fearing
100
What are organic molecules?
molecules that can be made by organisms.
200
Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain are known as _________________
Isotopes
200
Explain why water molecules are said to be slightly polar.
partial negative charge on oxygen partial positive charge on hydrogen
200
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate called?
monosaccharides
200
What are the two monomers of a lipid?
Glycerol 3 Fatty Acids
200
What is dehydration synthesis?
the removal of water to link two monomers together to produce a polymer.
300
The weighted average of an elements isotopes is called the elements _____________________
Atomic Mass
300
What is cohesion
the attraction between molecules of the same substance
300
What are the three types of carbohydrates
Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides
300
What kind of food contains saturated fatty acids?
Animal fats (butter, bacon grease, ect.)
300
What is a carbohydrate?
compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body.
400
What type of bond results in a positively and negatively charged atom? What are these charged atoms called?
Ionic Ions
400
What property of water is important to fish in a small pond? Explain why
Water expands when frozen- so the ice does not sink and end up freezing the whole pond
400
What are the three types of monosaccharides
Glucose Galactose Fructose
400
List three functions of lipids
long term energy storage insulation cushions internal organs biological memebranes
400
What is a lipid
macromolecules that generally do not dissolve in water and are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
500
Compare ionic and covalent bonds, including an example of each.
Ionic bond- transfer of electrons (salt) Covalent bond- sharing of electrons (water)
500
List the 5 properties of water
Cohesion Adhesion Water expands when frozen Heat Capacity Universal Solvent
500
What are the three types of polysaccharides
Starch Glycogen Cellulose
500
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats: - structure - health - Examples - State at room temperature
Saturated: - single bonds - "bad fats" - Animal fats - Solid Unsaturated: - at least one double bond - "healthy fats" - Plant fats - Liquid
500
What is capillary action
the ability to move against gravity through very narrow tubes.
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