Topic 2-3
Who invented the first thermometer?
Gaileo
What are all the changes of state?
fusion, solidification, evaporation, condensation, sublimation.
What is an energy source?
an object or material that can transfer its energy to other objects
How much do generating stations produce of fossil fuels in Alberta?
80 percent
what is heat?
thermal energy transferred from one object or substance to another because of a temperature
Name four different types of temperature measuring instruments:
-Thermocouple
-Bimettallic Strip
-Recording Thermometer
-Infrared Thermogram
Describe evaporative cooling:
a process in which the fast-moving particles on the surface of a liquid evaporate and escape into the air; the slower-moving particles, which are left behind, have a lower kinetic energy, decreasing the overall temperature of the remaining liquid.
List all of the energy transfer systems:
-energy source
-direction of energy transfer
-transformations
-waste heat
-control systems
What are refrigerants?
They're used to remove thermal energy from food.
What is heat capacity?
the thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance, such as water, by 1°C heat insulators
What is the Celsius Scale?
the most common scale for measuring temperature; on the Celsius scale, water at sea level boils at 100 degrees and freezes below 0 degrees.
what is thermal energy?
the total kinetic energy in a substance
100mL of hot water (50°C) is mixed with 100mL of cold water (10°C).Predict the temperature of the mixture after it is well stirred.
30 degrees Celsius
What are some dangers when thermal energy is used?
some dangers would be as small as getting a burn from a hot pot, to the extent of destroying our homes and forests.
Describe kinetic energy?
energy that is released or transferred by the motion of an object or its particles
What does the Particle Model of Matter state?
-All substances are made of tiny particles too small to be seen
-Particles are always in motion
-Particles have space b/w them
-Adding heat to substance makes the particles move faster and spread out
what is the kelvin scale?
The scale able to reach absolute zero(273K)
What are fossil fuels?
are chemicals from plants and other organisms that died and decomposed millions of years ago and have been preserved deep underground Natural gas and Petroleum are some examples of fossil fuels.
What're some dangerous involved with sulfur dioxide?
extremely irritating to the eyes, nose, and throat. People with asthma suffer greatly from this pollutant.
What is magma?
melted rock, formed under Earth’s crust by high temperature and pressure; magma occasionally escapes to Earth’s surface as lava
What is expansion?
and
What is contraction?
Expansion:as the average energy of particles increases, the spaces b/w them increases.
Contraction:as the average energy of particles decreases, the spaces b/w them decrease
What is energy?
is a measure of something’s ability to cause changes.
What is active solar energy?
Active solar heating systems involve fairly complex mechanical systems and devices called solar collectors. These collectors, usually on the roof or the south side of a building, contain water or air. The Sun heats the water or air, which is then pumped through the building by the mechanical parts of the system.
How does carbon monoxide form?
When a fire burns without enough oxygen carbon monoxide is produced.
What is a resource that cant be renewed?
resources that take millions of years to form