Constitution
In which court case was the U.S. principle of judicial review established?
A McCulloch v. Maryland
B Gibbons v. Ogden
C Marbury v. Madison
D Dred Scott v. Sandford
C Marbury v. Madison
What was the issue in Worcester v. Georgia?
F The taxation of Cherokee lands
G The use of subsistence farming by the Cherokee people
H The sovereignty of the Cherokee nation
J The abandonment of the Cherokee culture by its people
H The sovereignty of the Cherokee nation
Which statement explains one of the motivations behind Manifest Destiny?
A “These are the times that try men’s souls: the summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of his country. . . .”
B “I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States, and parts of States, are, and henceforward shall be free. . . .”
C “And that claim is by the right . . . to overspread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us. . . .”
D “That it is the duty of the women of this country to secure to themselves their sacred right to the elective franchise.”
C “And that claim is by the right . . . to overspread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us. . . .”
What were two effects of the Erie canal on the United States during the early-to-mid 1800s?
F The Northeast gained access to new trade networks, and the Midwest opened for more settlement.
G The South became less dependent on slave labor, while the North became more dependent on indentured servants.
H The West became the commercial center of the nation, while the Northeast increased dependence on agricultural production.
J The South experienced lower shipping costs, and the West expanded international trade.
F The Northeast gained access to new trade networks, and the Midwest opened for more settlement.
Why did the Constitutional Convention agree to the Three-Fifths Compromise?
F To settle debates over the issue of counting the enslaved population for representation
G To settle debates over the issue of abolishing the importation of enslaved people
H To create a government based on the principle of federalism
J To create a government with a bicameral legislature
F To settle debates over the issue of counting the enslaved population for representation
He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.
—Declaration of Independence
How was this grievance addressed by the Founding Fathers?
F By making the president the commander in chief of the armed forces
G By requiring the president and members of Congress to take the oath of office
H By giving the president and Congress the power to make treaties
J By giving Congress the power to draft civilians into the armed forces
F By making the president the commander in chief of the armed forces
I am now convinced, beyond a doubt that unless some great and capital change suddenly takes place . . . this Army must inevitably be reduced to one or other of these three things. Starve, dissolve, or disperse, in order to obtain subsistence in the best manner they can; rest assured Sir this is not an exaggerated picture. . . .
—General George Washington, letter to the Continental Congress, December 23, 1777
Which of the following prompted General Washington to write this letter?
F A shortage of Continental soldiers to maintain the siege of Yorktown
G The high number of casualties suffered during the Battle of Bunker Hill
H Low morale after the British army captured New York City
J Concern for the Continental troops during the winter at Valley Forge
J Concern for the Continental troops during the winter at Valley Forge
What were two effects of the Erie canal on the United States during the early-to-mid 1800s?
F The Northeast gained access to new trade networks, and the Midwest opened for more settlement.
G The South became less dependent on slave labor, while the North became more dependent on indentured servants.
H The West became the commercial center of the nation, while the Northeast increased dependence on agricultural production.
J The South experienced lower shipping costs, and the West expanded international trade.
F The Northeast gained access to new trade networks, and the Midwest opened for more settlement.
What was one effect of the cotton gin in the United States?
A Improved soil fertility
B Expansion of mercantilism
C Increased efficiency of crop irrigation
D Expansion of the plantation system
D Expansion of the plantation system
Which of the following contributed most to the expansion of the transatlantic slave trade during the 1700s?
A A lack of skilled labor in the American colonies
B Demand for slaves in the American colonies that produced cash crops
C A lack of protective tariffs in the American colonies
D Demand for slaves in the industrialized American colonies
What was one effect of these actions on the United States?
A The signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
B International criticism of the Monroe Doctrine
C The expansion of manufacturing
D Increased profits from international commerce
B Demand for slaves in the American colonies that produced cash crops
Which historic document had the greatest influence on the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution?
A The English Bill of Rights
B The Mayflower Compact
C The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
D The Articles of Confederation
A The English Bill of Rights
How did the American colonies react to enforcement of the Intolerable Acts?
F By collecting funds to pay for the tea destroyed in Boston Harbor
G By sending ambassadors to France to request military aid
H By placing a tax on all goods imported from Great Britain
J By holding the First Continental Congress to discuss unified resistance
J By holding the First Continental Congress to discuss unified resistance
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the Gadsden Purchase increased the area of the United States by
A one-fifth.
B one-fourth.
C one-third
D one-half.
C one-third
How did immigrants MOST contribute to the rapid industrialization of the United States during the early-to-mid 1800s?
F By serving as an inexpensive source of labor
G By raising the money needed for investment
H By introducing skilled craftsmanship in cottage industries
J By designing the methods used to mass produce goods
F By serving as an inexpensive source of labor
established the south first fully state-funded public school system
implementation of a more equitable tax system
prohibition of racial discrimination in public transportation and accommodations.
These reforms were instituted by —
A governors during the colonial era
B Reconstruction governments after the Civil War
C Patriots during the American Revolution
D Revivalists after the Second Great Awakening
B Reconstruction governments after the Civil War
Which description is an example of an unalienable right from the Declaration of Independence?
A Equality — People’s education should be equal in every state.
B Wealth — People’s salaries should be dependent on their skills.
C Happiness — People can do lawful things that they enjoy.
D Patriotism — People can choose to join any of the armed forces.
C Happiness — People can do lawful things that they enjoy.
Why is Thomas Jefferson’s writing of the Declaration of Independence considered to be one of his greatest contributions to American history?
A He showed responsibility by outlining the structure for a new government.
B He helped define rights that would defeat tyranny.
C He developed a military plan to defeat the British.
D He outlined a strategy for acquiring the Louisiana Territory.
B He helped define rights that would defeat tyranny
Which event was one cause of the U.S.-Mexican War?
F The United States banned slavery in territories acquired from Mexico.
G The U.S. Congress debated statehood for New Mexico.
H U.S. and Mexican soldiers fought over disputed territory north of the Rio Grande.
J The United States acquired the Mexican Cession.
H U.S. and Mexican soldiers fought over disputed territory north of the Rio Grande.
Whitney’s world provided a time for innovation in manufacturing systems. His factory would change the precision craft of gun making into routine. The machines would change the role of the worker and the meaning of skill. With a limited American labor supply, his system favored the use of small numbers of unskilled workers.
—“The Factory,” Eli Whitney Museum and Workshop, www.eliwhitney.org (accessed January 13, 2017)
What is being described in this excerpt?
F Spinning jenny and the textile industry
G Interchangeable parts and mass production
H Cotton gin and the plantation system
J Steam engine and railroad commerce
G Interchangeable parts and mass production
What was the main cause of the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson in 1868?
A His opposition to the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment
B His refusal to investigate reported criminal activity by the Union army during the Civil War
C His opposition to Radical Reconstruction policies for former Confederate states
D His refusal to use the Homestead Act to redistribute land to former slaves
C His opposition to Radical Reconstruction policies for former Confederate states
The Great Compromise addressed disagreements over federal representation by.?
A creating a bicameral legislature
B enumerating the powers of the central government
C giving veto power to the executive
D establishing three branches of government
A creating a bicameral legislature
Which statement describes one result of the War of 1812?
A Great Britain lost control of Canada.
B The United States gained control of the Oregon Territory.
C The United States stopped trading with Britain and France.
D Great Britain stopped the practice of impressment
D Great Britain stopped the practice of impressment
During the California gold rush, about 25,000 laborers migrated to California from
A China.
B South America.
C Europe.
D Canada.
A China.
One effect of industrialization in the United States in the late 19th century was
a. A decrease in child labor
b. An increase in demand for handicraft goods
c. A decrease in immigration to the United States
d. An increase in urbanization
d. An increase in urbanization
33. In 1854, Anthony Burns, a fugitive slave from Alexandria, Virginia, was arrested in Boston and returned to Virginia. Which federal legislation provided the basis for Burns’s arrest?
A The Kansas-Nebraska Act
B The Homestead Act
C The Compromise of 1850
D The Gadsden Purchase
C The Compromise of 1850