Minerals
Rocks
Plate Tectonics
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
100
Magma that reaches Earth's surface.
What is lava?
100
A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.
What is sedimentary rock?
100
The layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface.
What is the crust?
100
A type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground.
What are P waves?
100
Said of a volcano that does not show signs of erupting in the near future.
What is dormant?
200
A rock with metal in it or economically useful mineral.
What is an ore?
200
A usually light-colored rock that is found in continental crust.
What is granite?
200
The amount of mass in a given space; mass per unit volume.
What is density?
200
A type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side.
What are S waves?
200
A pool formed by groundwater that has risen to the surface after being heated by a nearby body of magma.
What is a hot spring?
300
A narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is different from the surrounding rock.
What is a vein?
300
A structure of calcite skeletons built up by coral animals in warm, shallow ocean water.
What is a coral reef?
300
A break or crack in Earth's lithosphere along which the rock move.
What is a fault?
300
The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake.
What is a focus?
300
A string of islands formed by volcanoes along a deep ocean trench.
What is an island arc?
400
A solid mix of 2 or more metals.
What is an alloy?
400
Sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together under high pressure.
What is a clastic rock?
400
The movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another.
What is convection current?
400
An earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area.
What is an aftershock?
400
Heat energy in Earth's interior from water or steam that has been heated by magma.
What is geothermal energy?
500
A solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats again and again.
What is a crystal?
500
An igneous rock texture in which large crystals are scattered on a background of much smaller crystals.
What is prophyritic texture?
500
The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats.
What is the asthenosphere?
500
A downward fold in rock formed by compression in Earth's crust.
What is a syncline?
500
A type of hot spring that builds up pressure underground and erupts at regular intervals as a fountain of water and steam.
What is a geyser?
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