Cells and Organelles
What is a cell?
The structural and functional unit of living things.
What is the science of classifying living things called?
Taxonomy.
Are microorganisms living things?
Yes!
What is the external shell of a virus called and what is it made out of?
A capsid, made of proteins.
What type of cells are in the protoctista kingdom?
Eurkaryotic.
What type of cell is only found in unicellular organisms?
Prokaryotic cells.
What are the six kingdoms?
Archaea, bacteria, protoctista, fungi, plants, and animals.
What are microorganisms that cause disease called?
Pathogens.
What are some diseases caused by viruses?
Influenza, AIDS, and many more.
How do protozoa reproduce?
They reproduce asexually through binary fission.
What is the difference between how eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells store genetic material?
Eukaryotic cells store genetic material in the nucleus and prokaryotic cells store genetic material in the cytoplasm.
What are the taxonomic categories?
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
What do producers and decomposers do?
Producers: organisms that produce organic matter.
Decomposers: organisms that break down organic matter into simpler inorganic materials.
Why are viruses parasitic?
Are protozoa heterotrophic or autotrophic?
Heterotrophic.
What organelles do plant cells have that animal cells do not? What do they do?
Cell walls and chloroplasts. Cell walls maintain structure within a plant and chloroplasts convert sunlight into energy (photosynthesis).
Can a family contain members of different orders or different genuses?
Different genuses, since family is less specific than genus.
What are the five groups of mircoorganisms?
Bacteria, unicellular algae, protozoa, mold, and yeasts.
Are viruses microorganisms and why or why not?
No, since viruses are not living things and not cells they are not microorganisms.
What are the three colors algae are classified as?
Brown, red, and green.
What is cell specialization and what are the three advantages?
The process where each cell uses different DNA information to carry out a specific function. The three advantages are: longevity, division of labor, and higher efficiency.
When making classification criteria, what three things must the criteria be?
Natural, objective, and discriminatory.
How do bacteria reproduce?
What is a benefit of viruses?
Name one category that protozoa can be classified into based on the structures they use to move.
Ciliated, flagellated, rhizopoda, or sporozoan.