RENAISSANCE: VOCAL MUSIC
Who is credited with starting the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther
What was a favorite type of entertainment of the nobility?
Dance
What was the time frame of the Baroque period?
1600-1750
What is an aria?
When one person sings
Who were the zarzuelas created for?
People of lower middle class that couldn’t afford to see an opera
Catholics composed in ___ while Protestants composed in ___.
Latin; vernacular language
True or False: Both men & women were able to dance.
True because the men were not busy in wars at this time
Whose death marked the end of the Baroque period?
J.S. Bach
What is a duo?
When two people sing
Why was the opera in Spain so expensive?
Most operas were in Italian, so they had to pay foreign actors & musicians
Where were funeral masses very common?
Spain!
Which dance meant that they jumped?
Saltarello
True or False: Baroque music was very simple.
False; it was very reloaded & “fancy” (remember the trills)
What is an interlude, and what did it serve for?
Instrumental music between two acts; it allowed the audience & the artists to rest
True or False: Zarzuela has both spoken & sung parts.
True
What type of mass was a Parodie?
a mass based on a mass that was already composed
What type of instrument is the Harpsichord?
String
What group of people began to sing in public during the Baroque period?
Women
Why did operas often have ballets, even though they weren’t related to the opera?
Because King Louis XIV loved dance, and he said if they wanted to show an opera in his theatre it had to have a ballet
How many acts does a zarzuela usually have?
One
What type of Italian secular music was the origin of the opera?
Madrigal
Which two types of work came from improvisation?
Fantasies (aimed at string instruments students to practice) & Tientos (aimed at keyboard instruments students)
Who was one of the first women to sing in public during the Baroque period?
Francesca Caccini
Name one of the famous composers of opera from your notes.
Peri, Rameau, Haendel, or Monteverdi
How did the themes & singers of the zarzuelas compare to those of the operas?
The themes were less serious, and the singers were less professional