Universe
How old is the universe
10-15 billion years old
What is a galaxy?
a collection of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity
Name at least two differences between the inner and outer planets aside from their proximity to the Sun.
rocky planets, smaller size, closer together, less moons
How are the first two outer planets different from the last two? Give at least two differences.
They are much bigger, they are closer together, they are gaseous-not icy, they have more moons, they have shorter orbits, etc.
What is gravity?
It is the attraction force between two objects in space.
What is typically the smallest body in the solar system?
Meteoroid
What was the big bang
a massive explosion that created the universe
Name our galaxy.
The Milky Way
Which planet is known as Earth's sister planet (or twin) and give two reasons why?
Venus, because of the similar size and presence of a greenhouse affect.
What are the two most unique features or characteristics of Saturn.
It would float in water and it has a well-developed ring system.
How do we increase or decrease gravity in space?
By increasing or decreasing mass and distance.
Name 3 things that a meteoroid can come from.
Asteroid, comet, moon, planet
What is the difference between geocentric and heliocentric models?
Geocentric has the Earth at the center, whereas, heliocentric has the Sun at the center.
What is a galaxy made of(name at least three components)?
Dust and gas, stars, planets, solar systems, and smaller bodies such as asteroids.
Name at least two things that make Mercury uniquely different than the other inner planets.
Has the most elliptical orbit, has no atmosphere, its rotation is nearly as long as its revolution, and extreme temperature differences.
Which planet rotates on its side like a wagon wheel?
Uranus
Which can change due to gravity (weight or mass) and why?
Weight can change because it is a measure due to gravity.
What is the difference between a meteor and a meteorite?
Meteor is still burning up as it travels through an atmosphere, whereas, a meteorite actually lands on Earth.
What is red shift?
Showing in the electromagnetic spectrum that the galaxies are moving away from each other.
What type of galaxy do we have?
Spiral Galaxy
What are at least three things that makes Earth the Goldilocks planet?
Presence of water in three forms, protective atmosphere, a protective magnetosphere, and an atmosphere that supplies us with enough oxygen.
Which two planets have large storms in their atmosphere?
Jupiter and Neptune
What is the center of gravity for the Earth?
The Earth's core.
What is the nickname given to a comet?
A dirty snowball.
How does Cosmic background radiation support the big bang?
radiation trails were left behind from cosmic events. it shows a footprint of the universe expanding
Where is our solar system located?
About midway down the spiral arm known as the Orion Arm.
How did our solar system form?
Gravity collapsed a solar nebula that eventually created the sun and planets
Name the two large areas that are a part of the outer planets that are home to smaller less-developed bodies in our solar system.
Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud
Which planet(not dwarf planet) has the greatest gravity and which has the least gravity in our solar system?
Jupiter has the most and Mercury has the least.
Name at least two things that are unique about a comet.
The have a highly elliptical orbit, they come close to the sun, they have two tails, and they are made of ice and other materials.
What are the 4 main elements our universe is made of?
helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon
What is the area called where stars are born?
Solar Nebula
What outlines the transition between the inner and outer planets?
The asteroid belt.
Who found the Galilean moons of Jupiter and what are their names?
Galileo-Io, Callisto, Eurpora, and Ganymede
What is inertia and how does it work with gravity?
It is a force that keeps an object in motion and as it interacts with gravity, it causes planets to orbit in an elliptical shape.
Ceres is the name of what and Hale Bopp is the name of a what?
Asteroid and comet.