History
The decade in which the first paper was published demonstrating that malignant cells could be identified on viewing of swabs taken from the cervix (double points for the specific year).
What is the 1920s, more specifically the paper was published in 1928.
This dye, in addition to hemotoxylin, light green, and eosin Y, make up the principle components of the Pap stain.
What is Orange G.
This eponymous name, and creator of the now known "Diff-Quik" stain, which was developed by him while serving with the Russian Military Medical Academy.
Who is Romanowsky
Slide 2
What is herpes effect
Take out the guess work! One of the frequently cited advantages of liquid-based preparations over manual preparations is that it reduces potential error due to this.
What is automation/automated process.
This is the first name of Dr. Papanicolaou (double points for his middle name)
What is George (and Nicholas)
Chemically, these structures are the reason why the basophilic hemotoxylin binds to DNA/RNA, giving them their acidic (thus basophilic) nature
What are phosphate groups.
Details of this component of the cell are frequently cited as being easier to see on Diff-Quik. Sorry Pap!
What is the cytoplasm.
Slide 3
What is LSIL
Up for some debate, the Thin-prep methodology produces this within a large circle
What is a monolayer of cells
In the same year as his now-famous paper on examination of cervical cells by swab, this also other "acceptance" occurred for Dr. Papanicolaou. (double points for both correct answers).
What is obtaining US citizenship. What is being promoted to Assistant Professor at Cornell.
This dye, part of the original pap stain but no longer in use, gave a vibrant yellow color to mucin and shares its name with this famous Prussian general (no relation).
What is Bismark brown Y
Air drying significantly increases this in comparison to alcohol fixation. Another victim of the drink!
What is cell adherance to the slides.
Slide 4
What is HSIL
Measurable losses, due to the fixative agents used in processing of Thinprep specimens, these are lost. No need for Brown!
What are mucin and blood?
This is cited as the reduction in the rate of cervical cancer deaths since the widespread adoption of the use of the Pap test in the US since 1960. (answer accepted within +/- 10%, double points for answer within 2%).
Prekeratinized cells are given their blue-green appearance to their cytoplasm as a result of an abundance of these
What are ribosomes
Wet and uncovered! These can be identified as glistening droplets on Diff-Quick stain when it has not undergone treatment by alcohol and xylenes, and can be. No cover-slip please!
What is lipid or fat.
What are radiation changes?
Count your blessings. While considered to demonstrate excellent cell recovery and morphology on examination, a disadvantage of fluid-based processes such as Thinprep and Surepath over manual methodologies is this.
What is more expensive/time consuming.
Prior to his work involving examination of malignant cells from cervical swabs, Dr. Papanicolaou performed research on this animal (double points for what exactly he was researching, and triple points for the exact years in which he performed it).
What are guinea pigs? (Studying vaginal secretions to discern various stages of the reproductive cycle, from 1916-1920, which is thought to have inspired his medical research on cytopathology of the human female reproductive system).
Scratch that! The formation of insoluble disulfide between cysteine groups on tonofilaments, is a match made in heaven for Orange G dye, and is this major structure found within differentiated squamous cells.
What is keratin
What does it all mean anyway. This is the difference between the ability of the Pap stain to examine hyperchromasia, and Diff-Quik's metachromasia
What is changing from lighter to darker in hyperchromasia, to changing from one color to another by the same dye, as in metachromasia.
Slide 6
What are endometrial glands suspicious for carcinoma.
This is the principle difference between the two liquid preparation methods, Surepath and Thinprep.
What are filter vacuum versus sediment based cell deposition.