Anemia/Hematology
At what ANC level would you be moderately concerned about infection for your patient?
<1500
This drug is contraindicated in pregnant women with HIV.
Sustiva.
what is tumor angiogenesis?
Formation of blood vessels within a tumor.
What is the first sign of infection in a neutropenic patient?
Fever greater than 100.4 F
An annual mammogram is what type of prevention?
Secondary
What two things can cause IV infiltration?
IV dislodge, vein rupture.
What is the normal level of CD4 cells in the blood
800-1200 cells/microliter of blood
Which type of dialysis allows more dietary freedom while the patient is on it?
Peritoneal dialysis
What medication can be given to increase white blood cell count with a neutropenic patient?
Neupogen
complaints of nausea and dizziness during hemodialysis suggest what?
Hypotension
Give three interventions for neutropenic fever.
rapid infusion of abx, fluids, vasopressors PRN
What are some common diseases/dysfunctions that can occur during the late stages of HIV?
Kaposi sarcoma, oral hairy leukoplakia, bacterial infections, TB
DIfficulty arousing a thrombocytopenic patient might indicate what?
Cerebral hemorrhage
how can you prevent a febrile nonhemolytic reaction from a blood transfusion?
Use leukocyte reduced blood products
How should a patient receiving bowel radiation prevent/manage diarrhea?
Avoid foods high in roughage (fruits and whole grains).
What should be avoided with HIT AND ITP? (think pharm)
HIT: Heparin, LMWH, warfarin
ITP: IM and SQ injections
What are the diagnostic criteria for AIDS?
CD4 less than 200, infection (fungal, viral, protozoal, bacterial), opportunistic infectin (Kaposi sarcoma, cervical CA, etc.) OR PCP PNEUMONIA BY ITSELF
What causes muscle cramps during hemodialysis and how are they treated?
Rapid removal of sodium and water. Treat with infusion of normal saline.
What is the difference between an irritant and a vesicant?
Irritants can damage intima of the vein, but not tissue. Vesicants can cause severe local tissue breakdown and necrosis.
These two types of hepatitis are transmitted by body fluids, but this one has a vaccine.
Hep B (and C, but B has the vaccine)
Soft toothbrushes, no razors, no PT when platelet count is too low, check stools for occult blood, transfuse platelets as ordered.
What is the first intervention when a patient being treated for HIV acquires lipodystrophy?
Change their ART therapy.
A kidney transplant patient is experiencing which type of rejection 6 days after a tranplant?
Acute
What is a post-op liver biopsy patient at a huge risk for and how might you prevent it?
Bleeding, lay the patient on the affected side as a form of compression
These are the drugs that are given to a post-op liver transplant patient.
Immunosuppressive drugs, corticosteroids, antiproliferative agent (azathioprine).