Challenges and Rewards
Disabilities
Traumatic Brain Injury
Educational Approaches
Educational Approaches Cont.
100
True or false: The teacher must be well organized, firm, and consistent.
True
100
What are multiple disabilities?
Concomitant impairments (such has mental retardation-blindness, mental retardation-orthopedic impairment), the combination of which causes such severe educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments,
100
How does IDEA define traumatic injury?
An acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects a child's educational performance.
100
What are the three educational approaches?
1. What skills should be taught? 2. What methods of instruction should be used? 3. Where should instruction take place?
100
What is among the desired outcomes of inclusive educational practices for students with severe disabilities?
Establishing and maintaining a network of social relationships.
200
What instruction formats should the teacher be knowledgeable about?
One-to-one and small group
200
What does severe disabilities include?
Students with significant disabilities in intellectual, physical, and/or social functioning.
200
How many people in the United States sustain a traumatic brain injury each year?
About 1.5 million
200
What should be taught in curriculum when teaching students with severe multiple disabilities?
Functionality, age-appropriateness, making choices, communication skills, recreation and leisure skills, and prioritizing and selecting instructional targets
200
True or false: The functional IEP goals and objectives for students with severe disabilities are seldom reflected in the academic curriculum of the general education classroom.
True
300
What are some ways a teacher can feel satisfied after teaching a child with severe multiple disabilities?
Teaching a child to feed and dress herself independently, helping the student make friends with nondisabled peers, and supporting a young adult's efforts to live, travel, and work as independently as possible in the community.
300
What exhibits profound developmental disabilities in all five of the following behavioral-content ares:communication, social skills development, motor-mobility, and activities of daily living.
Profound Disabilities
300
True or false: It is important to note that traumatic brain injury is not an acquired condition.
False
300
What is partial participation?
The principle acknowledges that even though some individuals with severe disabilities cannot independently perform all steps of a given task or activity, they often can be taught to preform selected components or an adapted version of the task.
300
What does one-to-one teaching minimize and increase?
Minimizes distractions and increases the likelihood that the student would respond only to the teacher.
400
What should the effective teacher not be too quick to do?
Remove difficult tasks or requests that result in the compliance or misbehavior.
400
IDEA defines concomitant hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness as what?
Deaf-blindness
400
What is an open head injury and a closed head injury?
Open head is the result of penetration to the skull such as a bullet. Closed head occurs when the head hits a stationary object with such force that the brain slams against the inside of the cranium.
400
What are the four types of misapplications of partial participation?
1. Passive participation 2. Myopic participation 3. Piecemeal participation 4. Missed participation
400
What did Kennedy and Itkonen study?
The effects of class participation on social contacts with peers without disabilities for three high school students with severe and multiple disabilities.
500
Virtually, what does every parent with a child that has severe multiple disabilities hear?
Often offer discouraging forecast such as; "Your child will never talk" or " Your child will never be toilet-trained"
500
Special educators sometimes use what term to refer to disabilities that do not occur very often?
Low-incidence disabilities
500
Impairments caused by brain injuries may be temporary or lasting and fall into what three main categories?
1. Physical and sensory changes 2. Cognitive Impairments 3. Social behavioral, and emotional problems
500
What do elements of positive behavior support include?
1. Understanding the meaning that a behavior has for a student 2. Teaching the student a positive alternative behavior 3. Using environmental restructuring to make the undesired behaviors less likely 4. Using strategies that are socially acceptable and intended for use in integrated school and community settings.
500
What have educators developed?
A wide variety of strategies for promoting desired social relationships.
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