Transcription
Translation
some of the Enzymes used
steps from transcription to translation
100
Where does Transcription occur?
Nucleus of the cell
100
What is translation?
the synthesis of polypeptide using the information in the mRNA.
100
What breaks, swivels, and rejoins, and rejoined the parental DNA ahead of the replication fork.
Topoisomerase
100
what is the first step
Transcription: RNA is transcribed from a DNA template
200
What is used as a template
The non coding strand of DNA
200
Where is the sites of translation?
ribosomes, molecular complexes that facilitate the orderly linking of amino acids into polypeptide chains.
200
What unwinds and separates the parental DNA strands
Helicase
200
What is the second step?
RNA processing: in Eukaryotes, the pre-mRNA is sliced and modified to produce mRNA, which moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
300
What is the goal of Transcription
It is to make RNA copies of individual genes that the cell can use in the biochemistry
300
Where do transcription and translation occur in those that lack a membrane-bounded nucleus?
all organisms. Bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes.
300
What synthesizes RNA primers, using he parental DNA as a template.
Primase
300
What is the third step?
The mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosomes.
400
What do Transcription Factors do?
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase recognizes promoter sequences, forming a transcription initiation complex
400
How many bases creates a codon?
3 bases = 1 codon
400
What is DNA pol 1
Removes the primer from the 5' end of fragment 2, replacing it with DNA nucleotides added one by one to the 3' end of fragment 3.
400
What is the forth step?
Amino Acid Activation: Each amino acid attaches to its proper tRNA with the help of a specific enzyme and ATP.
500
What are the 3 stages of Transcription
Initiation, Elongation, and Termination
500
Breakdown of the translation assembly requires the hydrolysis of many more GTP molecules?
2
500
What Synthesizes the leading strand.
DNA pol 111
500
What is the fifth Step?
Translation: A succession of tRNAs add their amino acids to the polypeptide chain as the mRNA is moved through the ribosome one codon at a time. When completed, the polypeptide is released from the ribosome.
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