Cleft/Pseudo-cleft
It's just the possibility of injuring myself that
bothers me. WORRIED
The only _______ the possibility of injuring myself.
thing I am worried | about is // thing that |has me worried is
The man who now stands by the door which is yellow is my uncle. STANDING
The ________ is my uncle.
man standing | by the yellow door
If it is used correctly, this tool can last for years. USED ____________, this tool can last for years.
(If/Whenever) USED correctly
I was totally surprised when I heard the news of the presence of aliens on Earth. CAME
The news of the presence of aliens on Earth ________ to me.
CAME as | a total/complete surprise
It is hard for birdwatchers to spot nightingales because they prefer dense forests as their home. BY
Preferring dense forests as their home, seldom ________ birdwatchers.
are nightingales | spotted BY
I admire and respect my PE teacher more
than anyone. LOOK
The person ______ all is my PE teacher.
that I LOOK up to | the most of
After she had finished her homework, she went for a run. FINISHED
____________ homework, she went for a run.
Having FINISHED | her
The books that Orwell wrote are still popular today. WRITTEN
The ________ are still popular today.
books WRITTEN | by Orwell
It is important to remember that the deadline is tomorrow. MIND
It _________ that the deadline is tomorrow.
should be kept | in MIND
Under no circumstances are you allowed to feed the pigeons in Central Park. NOT
The pigeons in Central Park _________ circumstances.
must NOT be fed | under any
We made the mistake of not training enough. WENT
Where ______ not training enough.
we WENT wrong | was in
As he didn't want to wake the baby up, he tiptoed across the room. WANTING
_______________ the baby, he tiptoed across the room.
not WANTING | to wake up
The news came as such a shock that they couldn't say a word. ASTONISHED
______________ , they couldn't say a word.
ASTONISHED by | the news
You cannot deny the fact that he has worked extremely hard. NO
There _________ that he has worked extremely hard.
is NO denying | the fact
George was offered a new job so he immediately quit his current one. BEEN
No _______ a new job than he quit his current one.
sooner had George | BEEN offered
I didn't realize she had left over half an hour before me. NOTICE
What I _____________ was the fact that she had left over half an hour before me.
took | no NOTICE of
He forgets most things. Despite what I've just said, he always remembers my birthday. HAVING
He forgets most things; although __________, he always remembers my birthday.
HAVING said | that/this
The bridge, which was built in 1920, is being renovated. MORE
___________ century ago, the bridge is being renovated.
BUILT | more than a
I didn't think the concert would be very good, but it was amazing. CONTRARY
________ , the concert was amazing.
CONTRARY to | my expectations
The police officer insisted that we mustn't share any of the classified information. SHOULD
"This is classified information and on ________ be shared" said the police officer.
no account | SHOULD any of it / this
You have watched a documentary about what causes young people to start committing crimes. You have made the notes below.
Reasons why young people commit crimes
Some opinions expressed in the documentary:
‘Without firm discipline from parents, some children are likely to get into trouble.”
‘It’s not surprising that young people who feel they have no chance of a good life turn to crime.”
‘The bad influence of people they mix with can cause some young people to take up crime.’
Transform the opinions into cleft sentences.
Suggested answers:
1. It is the lack of firm discipline from parents that makes children more likely to get into trouble.
2. The reason why some young people turn to crime is because they feel they have no chance of a good life.
3. It is the people they mix with, who can be a bad influence, that can cause some young people to take up crime.
Since most people are unaware of the multitude of eco-friendly resources available, they usually opt for polluting ones. UNKNOWN
The multitude of eco-friendly resources available ______________, results in them usually opting for polluting ones.
being UNKNOWN | to most people
Explain this sentence:
After having been won, our points doubled.
The points were won by a team (passive) and right after that they doubled (x2)
1. It is useless to try and convince him to change his mind. POINT
There _______ to convince him to change his mind.
2. She was on the verge of crying when he apologized. POINT
She ________ crying when he apologized.
1. is no POINT | in trying
2. was on the point | of
1. Even though she had met all the criteria, Jane was never called back by the bank to discuss her loan. DID
At no _______ Jane's call to discuss her loan despite having met all the criteria.
2. Sarah has been extremely busy with work, so she hasn't had any food since yesterday. HAS
Not _______ to eat due to being so busy with work.
1. point / time | DID the bank return
2. since yesterday | HAS Sarah had anything