Diagnostics 1
A fluoroscopic studying using a radiopaque solution as an oral contrast. Solution moves through esophagus, stomach, and part of the upper intestine as it is visualized on a monitor.
What is an upper GI series?
alternatively Barium swallow study, although technically a barium swallow is specifically looking at the swallowing function and how the solution moves down the esophagus.
Gastric mucosal specimens, blood tests for antibodies, or urea breath tests.
What is tests for Helicobacter pylori?
TRUE or FALSE: The following foods are great for managing nausea and vomiting: crackers, pretzels, bananas, plums, oranges, baked chicken, and French fries.
Dry salty foods are good, along with grilled or baked chicken, mashed potato, and bananas.
Fried, spicy, strong odor, acidic, or fruits or vegetables with skin on are not recommended.
A patient is presenting with dry mucus membranes, skin tenting, rapid weak pulse, and poor urine output. The nurse knows these are indicative of this condition and initiates the first line treatment.
What is dehydration and give fluids?
These are potential reasons for the insertion of a gastrointestinal tube.
What are:
1. provide nutrition and/or medications
2. gastric decompression
3. diagnose GI disorders
4. treat GI obstruction
5. apply pressure to a GI bleed
Your patient just had a biopsy, name 3 things the nurse should do while caring for this particular patient.
What are place a pressure dressing on the site, assist the client to lie on the right side, reamin side lying for at least 2 hours, maintain bedrest for 8-12 hrs, avoid coughing or straining, monitor vital signs, observe for bleeding, assess breath sounds, and assess the abdomen for distention.
Used to look for the presence of blood in the stool that is indicative of a bleed in the GI tract.
What is the occult blood stool test or the Hemoccult test?
What is smoking, excess alcohol intake, smokeless tobacco (chews), and HPV (human papillomavirus).
True or False: IBS is the same as IBD.
What is False?
IBS is inflammatory bowel syndrome, a condition with fluctuating intestinal motility.
IBD is inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic illness that encompasses both Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis.
What is an intestinal obstruction?
A radiology test using installation of barium through a rectal solution. Used to identify polyps, tumors, inflammation, strictures, and abnormalities in the colon.
What is a barium enema or lower gastrointestinal series?
TRUE or FALSE: GI Endoscopy include the following variations: proctosigmoidoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), small bowel enteroscopy, colonscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and panendoscopy.
Note: if you are not familiar with these, look it up!
Consider the condition, the client presents with heartburn, belching, and epigastric pressure after eating or when lying down. Symptoms are worse when bending at the waist.
What is a hiatal hernia?
Acute management of Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis involve these inteventions.
What are diet to support medications and symptoms, steroids, vitamins, antibiotics, and 5-ASA medications, immune-modulating agents, antidiarrheals, and bowel rest?
This is the most definitive way to verify the placement of an nasogastric tube.
What is an X-ray?
pH aspirate testing can also be used, but is not as reliable due to the various factors that influence the result
This ultrasound study is used to identify abnormalities or stones in the gallbladder or common bile duct.
What is cholecystography?
Note: this should be done before barium testing due to the residual barium can leave that can alter the effectiveness of this test.
Post procedure, a patient who had an EGD has the following guidance on initiating food and fluid.
What is NPO until gag reflex returns, followed by introduction of clear fluids first? Offer ice chips or saline gargles if the patient has a gag reflex and complaints of a sore throat.
You are caring for a patient recently diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. The nurse knows that there are 2 primary goals of treatment for this condition.
What are eradicate the bacteria and reduce acid levels in the stomach?
This IBD condition can occur in any portion of the GI tract, but typically is present in the small intestines (terminal ileum).
What is Crohn's disease?
The nurse reviews the results of diagnostic testing. The nurse knows that one of these findings is suggestive that the client's symptoms of persistent indigestion, gastric fullness, and weigh loss are likely related to stomach cancer: 1. elevated gastrin level in the blood; 2. gastric irritation noted during a gastroscopy; 3. gastric analysis showing absence of hydrochloric acid; or 4. H&H decreased.
What is the gastric analysis showing absence of hydrochloric acid?
Radiology test used to determine the patency of the ducts from the liver and gallbladder. Can be endoscopic (ERCP), through MRI (MRCP), or via ultrasound (PTC).
What is cholangiography?
What is do not drive (you had sedation), mild cramping and flatulence are normal for up to 24 hours, avoid eating high-fat, high fiber foods for 1 day, report nausea, vomiting, fever, excessive bleeding, or significant abdominal pain, and resume your normal medications until instructed otherwise by your physician.
Nursing care following oral surgery includes careful positioning, management of oral secretions, and nausea management. These two factors are particularly challenging in the post procedure management.
What are emotional response and nutritional management?
extensive surgery can be disfiguring
pain, change to taste, and changes to swallow and chewing all impact oral intake
The nurse is looking after a client with ulcerative colitis who is about to have a colon resection. Which of these statements by the client would necessitate the need for further education? 1. "I eventually will be able to eat regular food." 2. "I will have an ileostomy for the rest of my life." 3. "My stool will be more liquid than they are normally." 4. "The surgeon said that the second stage will be done in a few weeks."
What is 3. "My stool will be more liquid than they are normally."
IBD patients have special diet modifications and compliance is important.
The second surgery (several weeks later) anastomoses the intestine to the rectum to allow for normal defecation.
The nurse is working with a client with a hiatal hernia. The nurse knows that one of these will not be helpful as the patient manages their condition: avoid extreme temperature foods and fluids, sit up for at least 2 hours after meals, commence weight training as exercise, decrease caffeine intake, and take medications as prescribed.
What is commence weight training as exercis?