Factors/city life
What were some push factors for immigration?
Bad situations in home countries (danger/economic)
What did Riis and Roosevelt do to investigate lawlessness in NY?
They went undercover to determine whether police officers were reporting to duty (most were not)
What did one of the first anti-immigration laws- the 1798 Alien and Sedition Acts- do?
It gave the president power to exclude/deport foreigners who criticized the government or were considered "dangerous"
As a "new wave" of immigrants from other parts of Europe came in, what was the public's perspective of them?
Saw them as less skilled and educated then "old immigrants"
What were some pull factors for the US immigration?
Economic opportunities/freedom opportunities
What did Riis do about him and Roosevelt's findings, and what were the effects?
Riis published a statement in the paper, and officers were notably on duty afterwards
What prejudice did many of the first-wave Irish and German immigrants face?
Anti-Catholicism
How did World war 1 shape US perspective of new immigrants?
Formed new biases and hostility
What was the term for the cramped, narrow, and poorly conditioned apartment buildings that many NY immigrants occupied?
Tenements
What was one common city factor that lead to increased illness rates in slums?
The drinking water was directly connected to sewage water (this lead to outbreaks of cholera)
What were some criticisms Catholic immigrants faced?
Called immoral "Papists" who tended to support authoritarian rule, brought in crime/disease, and stole jobs
Who composed How the Other Half Lives?
Jacob Riis
After Riis publication of NY's water issue, how did the city react?
NYC bought more land around the New Croton reservoir to be more vigilant against cholera outbreaks
Why did whites target Chinese immigrants?
They couldn't compete for wages with Chinese immigrants who were willing to work for much less
Significance of:
“Long ago, it was said that ‘one half of the world does not
know how the other half lives.' That was true then. It did not
know because it did not care. The half that was on top cared
little for the struggles, and less for the fate of those who
were underneath, so long as it was able to hold them there
and keep its own seat.”
Internationally: the US is ignorant to the rest of the worlds struggles
Nationally: some US citizens are ignorant to immigrants/other low class workers as it enables them to maintain their comfort and power
What did Rii's publication of crowded tenement conditions lead to?
1887 Small Parks Act (city purchases small parks in crowded neighborhoods)
What did anti-Chinese sentiment add up to?
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882