What Does Your Pee Tell You
Who is likely to get a UTI?
Young, sexually active women
What population is the highest prevalence of having bladder cancer?
Older adults over age 55. (90%)
Primary cause of cystitis is.
In most cases, the cause of cystitis is a urinary tract infection (UTI)
We give a patient who has concerning symptoms for pyelonephritis infection this.
PO or IV antibiotics
Causes of bladder stones include.
Climate, diet, genetics, lifestyle, and metabolic.
How do we classify UTIs? (4 ways)
Ascending or descending, cystitis (bladder) or pyelonephritis (kidney)
Over half of all Bladder Cancers are related to this.
Smoking
Clinical manifestations of cystitis include
Urgency, frequency, hematuria, sediment, suprapubic discomfort.
Clinical manifestations of acute pyelonephritis include.
Fever/chills, N/V, malaise, and flank pain.
Uric acid stone are associated with.
Diet high in purines, hydration, urine pH.
What classifies an uncomplicated UTI?
Uncomplicated: young (15-45), non pregnant female
Common Clinical Manifestations of Bladder Cancer are
Painless hematuria, bladder irritability with dysuria, frequency, and urgency.
Possible diagnostic findings of UTIs include cystitis can include.
Positive urinalysis for bacteria, RBCs, WBCs, and nitrites.
Positive urine culture.
In the Planning phase of the nursing process for a patient with acute pyelonephritis, these four (4) are priority goals.
The patient will: regain normal renal function, no complications, pain relief, no recurrence of symptoms.
Two minimally invasive procedures to remove bladder stones.
Cystolitholapaxy and Cystolithotomy
Common pathogens for community acquired?
E. coli (most common), Proteus, Candida, Enterobacter.
Surgical treatment for Bladder Cancer that done minimally invasive, usually through a cystoscope is called?
Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT)
True of False. A nurse can remove a urinary catheter if they find it not medically necessary.
True. Most healthcare facilities have Nurse-Driven Protocols for Catheter Removal.
Chronic pyelonephritis can lead to this if left untreated.
End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
Why are alpha blockers given to help with stone passage?
Causes relaxation of the bladder neck and ureteral smooth muscles.
What is a UTI in a patient with a urinary catheter called?
Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI)
Intravesical therapy, he treatment of choice for high-risk Bladder Cancers, the provider injects a weakened strain of Mycobacterium bovis into the bladder.
BCG therapy, or Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy
In the elderly, symptoms of a UTI include.
General abdominal discomfort, impaired cognition, or overall clinical deterioration.
Diagnostic tests to confirm chronic pyelonephritis and extent of damage.
Radiological imaging and renal biopsy
Using the nursing process, the Clinical Problems associated with urinary tract stones include.
Impaired elimination, pain, and knowledge deficit.