US 1
Term used for the inner section of the kidney
Medula or Renal Medulla
Hollow, muscular sac that stores urine until it is released.
Bladder or Urinary bladder
Tube that eliminates urine from the body
Urethra
Reservoir in the kidney that collects the urine:
Renal Pelvis
Definition of ADH.
Antidiuretic hormone, also known as vasopressin (makes collecting duct more porous, so more water is reabsorbed). Also increases thirst. Maintains blood pressure.
Space where fluid accumulates on the patient exhibiting edema
Two bean-shaped organs lateral to the vertebral column that filter the wastes out of the blood
Kidneys
This structure secretes renin.
Macula Densa
Two tubes leading from the kidneys to the bladder
Ureters
The digestive organ where the inactive form of angiotensinogen is stored
liver
The glomerulus & Bowman's Capsule are located in this part of the kidney
RENAL CORTEX
What is an afferent arteriole?
Group of blood vessels where blood enters the Nephron.
Artery that supplies the kidneys with blood
renal artery
This organ is responsible for converting angiotensinogen I into angiotensinogen II.
Lungs
Hormone secreted from the adrenal gland of the kidney in response to angiotensin 2, to cause sodium and water reabsorption leading to increased blood pressure
Aldosterone
Which structures are found in the renal cortex?
A. Loops of Henle and collecting ducts
B. Minor and major calyces
C. Glomeruli, proximal convoluted tubules, distal convoluted tubules, and cortical collecting ducts
D. Renal pyramids and renal papillae
E. Vasa recta and arcuate arteries
C. Glomeruli, proximal convoluted tubules, distal convoluted tubules, and cortical collecting ducts
Why do women get more UTI's than men?
Women have shorter urethra compared to Men.
These are the three sections of the nephron.
Acts on distal convoluted tubule to reabsorb salt (and therefore water)
Also excretes H+ and K+
PCT, Loop of Henle, and DCT
The RAAS is stimulated by:
Low blood pressure, low blood volume, low salt, and the SNS
Two questions (must correctly answer both Q's for credit):
1) What is the primary trigger for the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary?
2) In the absence of ADH, which of the following occurs?
A. Increased water reabsorption in the collecting duct
B. Decreased urine output
C. Increased urine osmolarity
D. Decreased plasma osmolarity
E. Increased urine output
1) Increased plasma osmolarity
2) E. Increased urine output
Four main processes that happen in the nephron.
Filtration, absorption, secretion, excretion
what substances are reabsorbed during the urine formation process (name 3)
water
ions
nutrients
Angiotension II does these three things primarily:
Vasoconstricts
Triggers release of aldosterone (from adrenals)
Trigger release of ADH (from pituitary gland)
Parts of the Nephron in an orderly manner.
Bowman's Capsule, Proximal Convoluted Tubule, Loop of Henle, Distal Convoluted Tubule
hormone controls the concentration of the tubular fluid.
ADH