Functions
Which statement is AN INCORRECT DESCRIPTION of the function of fluid and electrolyte balance within the kidney?
a. Chemically controlled by ADH (antidiuretic hormone) and aldosterone which contribute to how much urine is made or not made
b. Synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and clotting factors
c. If blood levels of fluid and electrolytes are low, they return to the blood
d. If blood levels of fluid and electrolytes are high, they are excreted
The medical term for excessive urination is:
Polyuria
What part of the kidney are nephrons found?
Cortex
Caleb is on the cross-country team at school. He notices that after practice his urine is dark amber in color, and he is only able to void very small amounts. Caleb is experiencing:
Dehydration
A patient sustained an electric shock when she accidentally touched live wires following a severe storm. The shock affected her urinary function and resulted in oliguria and uremia. How will the patients symptoms be treated if she develops anuria?
Hemodialysis
Which function of the urinary system leads to the elimination of excessive substances in the urine, such as sodium and potassium?
Secretion
Which term means to urinate?
Micturate
Urine leaves the kidney by way of the:
Ureter
A student presented at her doctors office with complaints of dysuria, urinary frequency, and lower abdominal discomfort. Upon examination, the doctor discovered that the students hygiene was inadequate. Which organism most likely caused the students symptoms?
E. Coli
Jack takes his blood pressure medicine every morning. After taking his medicine, he experiences urinary frequency. What type of blood pressure medicine is Jack taking?
Diuretic
Jessica is experiencing hematuria. Which process of urine formation is ineffective for Jessica?
Filtration
The presence of urea and waste products in the blood is called:
Uremia
Which organ stores urine prior to being released from the body?
Bladder
Mr. Burns had a stroke and has been urinating involuntarily. What is this condition called?
Incontinence
Dialysis involves the use of a device that rids the body of harmful wastes as blood passes through:
a semipermeable membrane
What renal function does hemodialysis replace?
Filtration
The term for bedwetting is:
Enuresis
The Bowmans Capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, and Loop of Henle are all parts of the:
nephron
The term for the swelling of the kidney due to a build up of urine is:
Hydronephrosis
Which stage of urine formation does the transport of creatinine, hydrogen ions, potassium ions and some drugs into the collecting tubule occur?
Secretion
Which urinary process is impaired during dehydration if the proximal convoluted tubules are unable to correct water imbalances?
Reabsorption
Passing blood through a semipermeable membrane to remove wastes
Dialysis
Which cavity are the kidneys located in?
Retroperitoneal
Which component of the urinary system may be blocked by a large kidney stone causing severe flank pain and hydronephrosis?
Ureters
Acute sudden onset renal failure can be caused by all of the following except:
Multiple sclerosis