URINARY SYSTEM ANATOMY
This bean-shaped organ is the primary filtering organ of the urinary system.
What is the kidney?
Each kidney contains over a million of these microscopic filtering units.
What is a nephron?
This is the pressure-driven process where water and solutes move out of the blood and into the nephron.
What is filtration?
This is the structure where the final urine collects before flowing to the bladder.
What is the renal pelvis?
This waste product is filtered from the blood and must be removed from the body through urine.
What is urea?
These are the two thin tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
What are the ureters?
This is the cluster of capillaries where filtration begins in the nephron.
What is the glomerulus?
This process involves useful substances like glucose, amino acids, and water being taken back into the bloodstream.
What is selective reabsorption (or reabsorption)?
This duct carries urine from the nephron to the renal pelvis.
What is the collecting duct?
These are two ions that may be filtered out of the blood but can also be reabsorbed depending on the body's needs.
What are sodium ions and potassium ions?
(Chloride, Urea)
This hollow, muscular sac stores urine until it is ready to be expelled from the body.
What is the urinary bladder?
This cup-like structure surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtrate.
What is Bowman's capsule?
This is the process where waste ions and hydrogen ions are actively moved from the blood into the tubule.
What is tubular secretion (or secretion)?
These are the small blood vessels that surround the renal tubule and reabsorb useful substances.
What are the peritubular capillaries?
This sugar is filtered from the blood but is normally completely reabsorbed, so it should not appear in urine.
What is glucose?
This is the final tube through which urine leaves the body.
What is the urethra?
This long, U-shaped portion of the tubule helps concentrate urine by reabsorbing water and ions.
What is the Loop of Henle?
Name the three main processes of the nephron in the order they occur.
What is filtration, reabsorption, and secretion?
This region of the kidney contains most of the glomeruli and is where the first step of filtration occurs.
What is the renal cortex?
This process removes excess water and ions from the filtrate, helping the body maintain water balance.
What is selective reabsorption (or reabsorption)?
The kidney has two main regions: the outer renal cortex and this inner region.
What is the renal medulla?
The final fluid produced by the nephron after all three processes are complete is called this.
What is urine?
These are three useful substances that are filtered out of the blood but then reabsorbed back into the peritubular capillaries.
What are glucose, amino acids, and water?
This is the name of the network of capillaries that filters blood and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule.
What is the glomerulus?
These are two reasons why the kidneys must perform both reabsorption and secretion in addition to filtration.
DAILY DOUBLE
What is to conserve essential nutrients and water, and to maintain proper pH and ion balance maintaining homeostasis?