Urinary Anatomy
These two bean shaped organs filter the blood and produce urine.
What are the kidneys?
The kidneys remove these from the blood.
What are wastes?
This is the functional unit of the kidney
What is a nephron?
This substance makes up about 95% of normal urine.
What is water?
This procedure removes wastes and excess fluid when kidneys fail.
What is dialysis?
These tubes transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
What are the ureters?
The kidneys help regulate the body's __________ and electrolyte balance.
What is fluid balance?
This is the first step of urine formation.
What is filtration?
This waste product, formed from protein metabolism, is normally found in urine.
What is urea?
This hormone increases water reabsorption by the kidneys.
What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
This muscular organ stores urine until elimination.
What is the urinary bladder?
This kidney function helps maintain a normal blood pH.
What is acid-base balance?
During this process, useful substances move from the nephron back into the bloodstream.
What is reabsorption?
The presence of this substance in urine may indicate diabetes mellitus.
What is glucose?
The kidneys are located here in the abdominal cavity.
What is the retroperitoneal space?
This structure carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
What is the urethra?
The kidneys produce this hormone that stimulates red blood cell production.
What is erythropoietin?
Name all four processes involved in urine formation.
What is filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion.
Painful crystals that may form in the urinary tract are called these
What are kidney stones?
This waste product is produced when muscle tissue breaks down and is routinely measured to evaluate kidney function.
What is creatinine?
Name the four organs of the urinary system in the order urine travels through them.
What are the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra.
Name three of the five important activities of the kidneys.
Filter blood, remove wastes, regulate fluid balance, regulate electrolytes, maintain acid-base balance, produce hormones, activate vitamin D.
During this process, additional wastes move from the blood into the nephron.
What is secretion?
Name 4 urinary system disorders.
Urinary tract infection, kidney stones, chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, glomerulonephritis, urinary incontinence.
This hormone is released by the kidneys and helps regulate blood pressure.
What is renin?