Renal Anatomy
The major artery that stems from the abdominal aorta and supplies the kidneys with blood.
What is the renal artery?
The exit site of urine from the bladder.
What is the urethra?
Produced at a rate of approximately 125 mL/min or 180 L/ day.
What is glomerular filtrate.
A cluster of filtering capillaries surrounded by the bowman's capsule.
What is the glomerulus?
The tough outer layer of the kidney.
What is the renal capsule?
The structure that lies on the floor of the bladder and contains both the entrance and exit site of urine.
What is the trigone?
The portion of filtration that is responsible for maintaining acid base balance by secreting hydrogen ions.
What is tubular secretion?
The hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland that stimulates reabsorption of calcium.
What is parathyroid hormone?
The approximate count of nephrons in a kidney.
What is 1 million?
The functional unit of the kidney.
What is the nephron?
The storage capacity of the bladder.
What is one liter?
The area in which a majority of tubular reabsorption takes place.
This hormone is responsible for the reabsorption of water.
What is Antidiuretic Hormone?
The structure that surrounds the renal tubule and plays a major role in re-absorption.
What are the peritubular capillaries?
The system that controls the kidneys and helps regulate blood pressure.
What is the sympathetic nervous system.
The structure that connects and transports urine from the renal calyx of the kidney to the bladder.
What are the ureters?
The phase of urine formation in which water and selected dissolved substances move into the peritublar capillaries.
What is tubular reabsorption?
The presence of albumin in the urine. Occurs w/ increased glomerular permeability in glomerular disease.
What is proteinuria/ albuminuria?
The substance that should not pass through the glomerulus or be found in urine.
What is albumin or red blood cells?
The location of the kidneys.
What is high on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity, behind the parietal peritoneum, at the costovertebral angle?
The four layers of the bladder.
1) mucous membrane
2) submucosa
3) detrusor muscle
4) serosa
The three steps of urine formation within the nephron.
1) glomerular filtration
2)tubular reabsorption
3) tubular secretion
The presence of these two things can indicate infection in the urinary tract.
What is pus/ WBC and blood?
1) Bowman's capsule
2) Proximal convoluted tubule
3) Loop of Henle
4) Distal convoluted tubule
5) Collecting duct