Kidney Function
How much blood is filtered through the kidney in a day?
200 L
How many are in a kidney
>1 million
How much is plasma filtered a day?
60x
What involves active transport, 2-degree active transport, and facilitated diffusion
proximal tubule
What are granule cells?
mechanoreceptors
What is the function called when the kidney controls total water volume?
regulating blood volume
What are the two main parts?
renal corpuscle and renal tubule
What is filtrate?
blood plasma minus proteins
What is hormonally regulated and involves reabsorption (pumps ions out)?
distal tubule
What is the macula densa?
in the walls of the loop of henie and has chemoreceptors
The kidney ensures long-term ____-_____ balance.
acid-base
Where is urin made?
at the renal tubule at the tubular structure
What happens if GFR is too high?
Needed substances cannot be reabsorbed quickly enough and are lost in the urine
What is released by the posterior pituitary gland and causes collecting ducts to insert aquaporins in apical membranes --> water reabsorption
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Define the vasa recta
series of blood vessels, reabsorption and secretion in the Loop of Henle
What controls the regulation of blood pressure?
Renin
What are the two parts of the renal corpuscle?
glomerulus, glomerular capsule
What happens if GFR is too low?
Everything is reabsorbed, including wastes that are normally disposed
What pumps out ions, secretes bicarbonate and involves when many nephrons connect to one?
collecting duct
Define the Tubuloglomerular Feedback Mechanism.
Flow-dependent mechanism directed by macula densa cells; respond to filtrate NaCl concentration
What stimulates RBC production?
erythropoietin
What allows for filtrate formation?
glomerulus
How to calculate net filtration pressure...
outward pressure-inward pressure
What convey urine from kidneys to the bladder?
ureters
Define diuretics...
Chemicals that enhance urinary output