Part 1
How many kidneys are there in the human body?
Two
Filtrate not reabsorbed in the renal tubule travels to where?
Ureters then bladders to exit body via urethra
An increase in antidiuretic secretion will result in what occurring?
More water is reabsorbed due to increased permeability of the collecting ducts, less urine is formed
What are three factors which result in an abnormal amount of fluid loss?
Vomiting, Diarrhea, Increased breathing rate, Excessive sweating
Do the number of functional nephrons increase or decrease with age?
Decrease
What is the term for the general area where the blood vessels and ureter enter and exit the kidney?
Hilum
What two structures make up the renal corpuscle?
Glomerulus and Bownmans/Glomerular Capsule
An increase in parathyroid hormone secretion will lead to what?
Increase in calcium reabsorption
Aside from water what are two other components of urine?
Toxins, Nitrogenous Wastes, Electrolytes, Hormones, Abnormal Substances,
Stimulation of the pontine micturition center will lead to what?
Urination
What is responsible for anchoring the kidneys to surrounding structures?
Renal Fascia
Which layer of the bowmans capsule has a role in filtration?
Visceral
What is the term to describe selective movement of filtrate substances back in to the blood?
Tubular Reabsorption
If solute concentration is high in extracellular fluid will water move in to or out of cells ?
Move out
Where is the detruser muscle located?
Bladder
What is found immediately in front of each pyramid papilla, which is a cup like structure?
Calyx
Where does the majority of reabsorption take place?
PCT
What is tubular secretion?
Fine tuning of filtrate as substances move from blood to filtrate
The body will increase reabsorption of Na+ when hydration levels are what?
Low
How much urine does the bladder hold?
1 PINT
What artery follows directly after the renal artery in supplying blood to the kidney?
Segmental Artery
The peritubular capillaries reclaim filtrate from what type of Nephron?
Cortical
If GFR increases what will happen to urine output?
Increases urine output
If osomoreceptors detect an increase in solute concentration the body will respond by doing three things these are?
Trigger dry mouth and thirst, antidiuretic hormone secretion, and decrease in saliva production
How much urine can a cows bladder produce in a day in gallons?
8 gallons