Basic Anatomy of the Urinary System
Q: This organ filters waste from the blood and produces urine.
A: What is the kidney?
Q: The process by which the kidneys filter out waste products and excess substances from the blood is called this.
A: What is filtration?
Q: This condition involves the painful inflammation of the bladder, often caused by an infection.
A: What is cystitis?
Q: This part of the nephron is responsible for filtering blood and creating the initial filtrate.
A: What is the glomerulus?
Q: This common urinary tract infection (UTI) occurs in the bladder and causes symptoms like painful urination and frequent urges to urinate.
A: What is cystitis?
Q: The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder is called this.
A: What is the ureter?
Q: The reabsorption of water and essential nutrients from the filtrate back into the bloodstream primarily happens in this part of the nephron.
A: What is the renal tubule?
Q: This condition, often referred to as kidney stones, involves solid deposits that form in the kidneys.
A: What is nephrolithiasis?
Q: The part of the kidney where urine is collected before being passed into the ureter is called this.
A: What is the renal pelvis?
Q: This kidney disorder, often linked to high blood pressure, involves the gradual loss of kidney function.
A: What is chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
Q: This organ stores urine until it is ready to be expelled.
A: What is the bladder?
Q: This hormone regulates the reabsorption of water by the kidneys.
A: What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Q: This condition is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to filter waste properly, leading to a buildup of toxins in the body.
A: What is kidney failure?
Q: The process by which the kidneys regulate the concentration of water and salts in the blood is called this.
A: What is osmoregulation?
Q: This condition is characterized by the formation of solid crystals in the kidneys, which can cause pain and difficulty urinating.
A: What is nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)?
Q: This muscular tube carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
A: What is the urethra?
Q: This process involves the movement of substances from the blood into the nephron for excretion.
A: What is secretion?
Q: This type of urinary incontinence occurs when there is a sudden, intense urge to urinate, often resulting in involuntary leakage.
A: What is urge incontinence?
Q: These tiny structures are the functional units of the kidney that filter blood, reabsorb water, and produce urine.
A: What are nephrons?
Q: This disease involves inflammation of the glomeruli and can lead to kidney failure if untreated.
A: What is glomerulonephritis?
Q: The part of the kidney where blood is filtered and urine is formed is called this.
A: What is the nephron?
Q: This structure is responsible for filtering blood in the nephron, consisting of a network of capillaries.
A: What is the glomerulus?
Q: This condition, commonly known as high blood pressure, can lead to kidney damage over time.
A: What is hypertension?
Q: This part of the nephron adjusts the composition of urine through reabsorption and secretion, and it's located between the proximal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct.
A: What is the loop of Henle?
Q: This is a condition in which the kidneys can no longer filter waste from the blood, often requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant.
A: What is end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?