What two blood chemistries will increase in a patient with kidney failure?
BUN and Creatinine
100
A dog has a non-neurological incontinence. What drug(s) might be useful?
Estrogens (F) and Androgens (M). Phenylpropanolamine.
200
Name the crystal 200
Calcium oxalate dihydrate
200
Which kidney is located more cranially than the other?
Right kidney
200
What two hormones does the kidney produce?
Renin and erythropoietin
200
What is the condition called when a plugged cat (for example) becomes toxic?
Azotemia
200
Furosamide is what type of diuretic?
Loop
300
Name the crystal 300
Calcium oxalate monohydrate
300
What is the structure that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?
Ureter
300
What two hormones act directly on the kidney to conserve water?
ADH and aldosterone
300
Why is an animal with chronic kidney failure often anemic?
Lack of erythropoietin production
300
Name a potassium-sparing diuretic.
Spironolactone
400
Name the crystal 400
Cysteine
400
What are the two components of the urinary corpuscle?
Glomerulus and Bowman's Capsule
400
What are the three stages in urine formation?
Filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion
400
A patient has brownish urine. What is the likely cause?
Rhabdomyolysis
400
A patient is admitted to the emergency clinic with ethelene glycol poisoning. What is the drug of choice? Because it is very expensive, what cheaper alternative may be used?
Fomepizole (~$240/60#). IV vodka.
500
Name the crystal 500
Tyrosine
500
Name the two types of capillaries located within the kidneys.
Glomerular capillaries and peritubular capillaries
500
What does GFR stand for? And what does it mean?
Glomerular Filtration Rate. The amount of blood filtered by the kidney in one minute.
500
Why is a diabetic patient PU/PD?
The excess glucose cannot be reabsorbed, travels downstream and acts as an osmotic diuretic.
500
A patient is in the early stages of kidney disease. What is the first indication found in laboratory tests?