KIDNEYS
Urine-making unit of the kidney.
What is the nephron or nephron unit?
This hormone acts primarily on the distal tubule.
What is Aldosterone?
This percentage is the amount of water located in the intracellular compartment.
What is 63%?
A positively charged ion (Na+, K+, and Ca2+).
What is a cation?
Most of this comes from the body's chemical reactions during metabolism.
What is Hydrogen (H+)?
C-shaped structure that partially surrounds a cluster of filtering capillaries.
What is Bowman's capsule?
This stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone.
What is Angiotensin II?
When water output exceeds water intake.
What is dehydration?
Bicarbonate is this kind of ion.
What is an anion (negatively charged)?
When H+ combines with HCO3- it forms this.
What is H2CO3 a weak acid?
This is located between the afferent and efferent arterioles.
What is the glomerulus?
This hormone plays an important role in the regulation of Calcium and Phosphate.
What is PTH or Parathyroid hormone?
When body water is low, ADH is released. This does what to urine?
What is decreases water in the urine?
This can happen because of excess water in the blood (Ex: drinking too much water).
What is hyponatremia?
Emphysema causes prolonged hypoventilation which causes this.
What is respiratory acidosis?
The amount of filtrate formed in 24 hours.
What is 180 liters or 45 gallons?
Deficiency of this hormone causes polyuria.
What is ADH or Antidiuretic hormone?
Generalized edema.
What is Anasarca?
Hyperkalemia's primary cause.
What is kidney disease?
Persistent vomiting can lead to this.
What is metabolic alkalosis?
Tubular reabsorption moves from the tubules into this.
What is the peritubular capillaries?
This is used diagnostically in the assessment of heart failure.
What is BNP or Brain Natriuretic Peptide?
This pressure pulls water from the interstitium into the capillaries.
What is plasma oncotic pressure?
This is important in the function of the heart, muscles, and nerves.
What is magnesium (Mg2+)?
What is hypocalcemic tetany?