Epidemiology
Random
Dx & Presentation
Treatment
Drugs
100
Name the microbe that causes UTI the most.
E.coli
100
What part of the urinary tract does pyelonephritis effect
Upper (kidney / renal pelvis)
100
How do you differentiate between pyelonephritis and cystitis
S/S's
100
What are the treatment goals for UTI?
1. Alleviate S/S's 2. Prevent complications 3. Prevent recurrence
100
Which drug class can cause tendon rupture?
FQ's
200
What is the #1 risk factor for CAUTI
Duration of catheterization
200
Is the typical cause of UTI a single organism, or multiple organisms?
Single organism
200
Name 2 S/S's of CAUTI (while catheter is still present)
New/worsening fever, new/worsening rigors, altered mental status, malaise, lethargy, flank pain, pelvic discomfort, acute hematuria, costovertebral angle tenderness
200
What are the 1L drugs for uncomplicated acute cystitis?
1. Nitrofurantoin 2. Bactrim 3. Fosfomycin
200
When is a 3 day duration recommended in CAUTI?
Women ≤ 65 yo + no upper UTI symptoms + catheter has been removed
300
Name a risk factor of UTI unique to men
Prostatic hypertrophy, lack of circumcision, residual urine volume
300
What is the difference between a relapse and a recurrent infection
Relapse: same organism w/in 2 weeks after completion of abx tx Recurrent infection: ≥ 2 UTI's w/in 6 mo. or ≥ 3 UTI's w/in 1 yr
300
Name 3 S/S's of lower UTI
Flank pain, costovertebral tenderness, malaise, fever, N/V
300
What is the duration of treatment for fosfomycin?
1 dose
300
Which 1L drug in cystitis is not used in pyelonephritis?
Fosfomycin
400
What Incidence of bacteriuria associated w/ indwelling catheterization per day?
3-8%
400
Define complicated UTI
Structural or functional alterations of urinary tract, kidney disease, comorbidities impairing immune system
400
What is an alkaline pH of urine indicative of?
Infection from Proteus
400
What is the duration of use of levofloxacin in pyelonephritis?
5 days
400
Name the side effect of nitrofurantoin that makes its long term use contraindicated
Pulmonary Fibrosis
500
Name a drug class that puts both females and males at greater risk for UTI's
SGLT-2 Inhibitors (alternative: anticholinergics)
500
Name a 1L drug listed in the guidelines not available in the USA
Pivmecillinam
500
List the diagnostic criteria for asymptomatic bacteriuria for any gender
1 single catheterized urine specimen with 1 bacterial species isolated in counts of ≥10^2 cfu/mL
500
Name 2 unique side effects of pydridium
Turns skin / sclera yellow, turns urine red-orange, methemoglobinemia, carcinogenic
500
Why is Bactrim avoided in the last trimester of pregnancy?
Increases bilirubin
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