Pathophysiology
What pathogen is the most common cause of community-acquired UTIs?
E. coli
Frequency, urgency, dysuria, and discharge
urethritis
Which of the following patients is most likely to have a complicated UTI?
A. 40 y/o healthy woman
B. 30 y/o healthy woman with diarrhea
C. 19 y/o healthy woman
D. 10 y/o girl with history of vesicoureteral reflux
D. 10 y/o girl with history of vesicoureteral reflux
Which of the following fluoroquinolones does NOT achieve therapeutic concentrations in the urine?
A. Ciprofloxacin
B. Levofloxacin
C. Ofloxacin
D. Moxifloxacin
D. Moxifloxacin
What pathogen is most often associated with UTIs and sexually active young women?
Staph Saprophyticus
What is the cause of recurrent UTIs in otherwise healthy children?
vesicoureteral reflux
T/F: Urine cultures must be obtained prior to initiating antibiotics in acute uncomplicated cystitis
False
Which of the following antibiotic agents is contraindicated in patients with CrCl < 60 ml/min?
A. Amox/clav
B. Nitrofurantoin
C. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
D. Ciprofloxacin
B. Nitrofurantoin
What pathogen is most often associated with UTIs and an obstructing kidney stone?
Proteus spp
Frequency, urgency, dysuria, CVA tenderness and fever
Pyelonephritis
What can be detected in a UA that indicates the presence of bacteria from only the enterobacteriaceae family?
Nitrites
Which of the following antibiotic agents should be avoided in ALL cases for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis due to antimicrobial resistance?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Levofloxacin
C. Cefpodoxime
D. Pivmecillinam
A. Amoxicillin
What is the difference in length between the male and female urethra?
5x (20cm vs 4cm)
Frequency, urgency, dysuria, CVA tenderness and fever that does not resolve with treatment
Renal Abscess
Which class of anti-diabetic agents most commonly increases a patient’s risk for developing a UTI?
SGLT-2 inhibitors
A 26-year-old woman is diagnosed with uncomplicated cystitis. NKDA. Which of the following would be the most appropriate first-line treatment for this patient (according to IDSA guidelines)?
A. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg BID x 3 days
B. Nitrofurantoin 100 mg BID x 5 days
C. Amoxicillin 500 mg QID x 3 days
D. Bactrim DS one tablet x 1 day
B. Nitrofurantoin 100 mg BID x 5 days
What is the amount of bacteria colony forming units/mL required for consideration of treatment in an asymptomatic patient?
105
What is a rare variant of a UTI that results in massive destruction of the kidney by granulomatous tissue?
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
AMS, changes in eating habits, or GI symptoms as opposed to typical manifestations of UTIs are frequently seen in what patient population?
A. Children
B. Elderly
C. Pregnant females
D. males
B. Elderly
A 54-year-old man is diagnosed with acute bacterial prostatitis for the first time. He is an otherwise healthy male with an allergy to Bactrim. Which of the following is the most appropriate therapy for this patient?
A. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID x 3 days
B. Bactrim DS one tablet BID x 4 weeks
C. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID x 4 weeks
D. Nitrofurantoin 100 mg PO BID x 5 days
C. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID x 4 weeks