Vocabulary
Where did the Continental Army camp during the winter of 1777-1778?
Valley Forge
This set up a plan for surveying western lands.
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
French troops blocked the road to which town?
Williamsburg
Which person listed in the chart was a representative from Virginia?
James Madison
Describe and explain how the colonies responded to:
Stamp Act
Townshend Act
Stamp Act: Colonials harassed stamp agents and officials; colonial assemblies passed resolutions declaring no taxation without representation; 9 colonies united at Stamp Act Congress to denounce the tax
Townshend Act: It placed duties (taxes) on imported goods like glass, lead, paint, paper, tea; colonials spoke out; boycotted goods and tea
This was an agreement about how to determine a state's representation in Congress.
Great Compromise
Samuel Adams helped to create what secret society resistance group?
Sons of Liberty
About how many kilometers separate Yorktown from the peninsula to the northeast?
1
Who argued for a national government with unlimited powers over the states?
Alexander Hamilton
Describe and explain how the colonies responded to:
The stationing of British troops in Boston
The Tea Act
Brit Troops: Colonials harassed; eventually shots fired and five people killed including Crispus Attucks...Boston Massacre
Tea Act: Made tea cheaper by cutting out colonial merchants; colonials dress like Natives to dump tea into Boston Harbor=Tea Party
This was a rebellion that started as a protest of farmers who faced problems of debts that they owed to creditors.
Shays' Rebellion
Who wrote a pamphlet called "Common Sense", arguing that the time had come for American independence?
Thomas Paine
In which state is Yorktown located?
Virginia
Which person listed drafted the Constitution?
Gouverneur Morris
Name a weakness of the Articles of Confederation.
An economic issue.
A problem in dealing with foreign nations.
Lacked unity; states protect self-interests; Congress lacks power to collect taxes, can't control foreign and interstate trade; no executive branch means no way to enforce laws; too weak to resolve problems
Debt from Revolutionary War; farmer unrest due to debt and inability to repay creditors (Shays' Reb); disagreement about money supply as states have own currency and Continental currency worthless.
Confederation unable to deal with nations-Brits would not evacuate forts along Great Lakes because of Colonial debt owed (French and Am War); Spain closed off the Mississippi River because Confederation could not agree with how to deal/trade with them
What event was a response to an unpopular excise tax imposed by the federal government?
Whiskey Rebellion
Democratic-Republicans were outraged by this which they believed were violating freedom of speech.
Alien and Sedition Acts
Which troops held the position farthest south?
American
What did all five people listed in the chart play a key role in developing?
Constitution
How did Hamilton and Jefferson view the role of a strong central government versus state governments?
Who did each believe should play a leading role in the government?
Hamilton: America needs a strong central government to deal with both foreign and domestic problems; nation should be led by prosperous, educated elite
Jefferson: likes strong state and local governments based on the participation of average citizens (farmers)
This event confirmed American independence and set the boundaries of the new nation.
The Treaty of Paris
Who secured a treaty with Spain giving the United States shipping rights on the Mississippi River?
Thomas Pinckney
About how many ships did the French have compared to the British?
a) half as many
b)twice as many
c) the same amount
d) three times as many
b) twice as many
What occupation did three people in the chart share?
lawyer
What are some conflicts when dealing with Hamilton's and Jefferson's differing views of what America should be?
Both men served on President Washington's cabinet (Hamilton as Treasury and Jefferson as State); their division fueled a division in the nation's political parties (Hamilton as a Federalist, Jefferson as Democratic-Republican); conflict in the parties does allow for discussion that can help this young and new nation; parties also lead to power struggles