Foundations and Influence
What was America’s first governing document before the Constitution?
The Articles of Confederation
What is the main duty of the legislative branch?
To make laws
What does the 5th Amendment protect against?
Self-incrimination and double jeopardy
Which amendment limited a president to two terms?
22nd Amendment
What Supreme Court case established judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Which compromise settled how enslaved people would be counted for representation?
Three-Fifths Compromise
What power allows the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional?
Judicial review
What amendment guarantees freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition?
1st Amendment
Which amendment ended poll taxes in federal elections?
24th Amendment
A student wears a political t-shirt to school and is told to take it off. Which case supports their right to express themselves?
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Which event showed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and pushed for a stronger federal government?
Shays’ Rebellion
Who has the power to veto bills passed by Congress?
The President
What does “due process” mean?
The government must follow fair procedures and laws before depriving someone of life, liberty, or property.
Which amendment gave D.C. residents the right to vote in presidential elections?
23rd Amendment
Which case declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional?
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Who is known as the “Father of the Constitution”?
James Madison
How can Congress override a presidential veto?
With a two-thirds vote in both houses.
What amendment protects against cruel and unusual punishment?
8th Amendment
What major event led to the creation of the 25th Amendment about presidential succession?
The assassination of President Kennedy
A suspect isn’t informed of their rights before questioning. Which case applies?
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
What major debate at the Constitutional Convention was solved by creating a bicameral legislature?
The Great Compromise (between large and small states)
Who must approve treaties made by the President?
The Senate
What is one civic responsibility required by law and one that is voluntary?
Required: jury duty or paying taxes; Voluntary: voting or community service
Which amendment repealed Prohibition?
21st Amendment (repealed the 18th)
What case established that everyone, regardless of income, has the right to an attorney?
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)