Colonial America
Name the 3 colonial regions.
Southern
New England
Middle
What is the difference between a strict vs. loose interpretation of the Constitution?
- strict: follow the laws and wording in the Constitution explicitly. (Jefferson)- ex: fear of the government gaining too much power.
- loose: use of the elastic clause and implied powers in terms of power from the Constitution (Hamilton)
What is Shay's Rebellion & the Whiskey Rebellion?
- rebellion of farmers by Daniel Shay. revealed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation. 1786.
-Whiskey: 1791-1794. western Pennsylvania. Revealed the effectiveness of the new Constitution.
What is the date of the Civil War?
April 1861-1865.
Lincoln died on April 15th, 1865.
What is the American System by Henry Clay? 1815
Created to promote American industry.
1. Roads and Canals
2. Protective tariffs
3. To establish a National Bank
Name of the first colonial settlement?
What is the Mayflower Compact?
1607- Jamestown
1620: contract or form of government signed by the Pilgrims and separatists.
Example of self government.
Name a difference between a Federalist and an Anti-Federalist.
Federalist:
- wealthy elite population, bankers, merchant.
- favored the creation of the proposed Constitution.
- Strong National Government.
Anti-Federalist:
- Farmers
- Jefferson
- State's Rights
What is the Compromise of 1850?
- temporary solution to the expansion of slavery into western territories.
- Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 (1793)
- Popular Sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico territories.
- outlaw slave trade in DC.
- California as a free state.
Describe the Anaconda Plan:
- Union Strategy
1. Cut off the supply to the Confederacy (blockade)
2. Capture the capital (VA)
3. Cut the Confederacy in half
4. Mississippi River into two parts and take over this waterway.
By General Winfield Scott
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
1823
President James Monroe
Foreign Policy- threat or warning to European powers to not get involved or re-colonize areas in Latin America/Central America.
What was the basis for the economy in the Southern region?
- Cash crops: rice, tobacco, indigo
- Slave labor
Who is Alexander Hamilton?
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
- Secretary of Treasury (finances)
- Secretary of State (foreign policies)
- Both apart of Washington's Cabinet.
Federalist v. Democratic Rep.
What is the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
Forced removal of Cherokee Indians by the Federal Army to what is today the state of OK.
Lead to the trail of tears
Describe Lincoln's Plan for Reconstruction.
Hint: This is NOT Presidential Reconstruction
- ratify 13th Amendment
- Southern States (10%) swear allegiance back to the U.S.
- Malice towards none, charity for all.
NOT "Presidential Reconstruction"
What is significant about the Dred Scott Court Case?
- Dred Scott appealed to the Supreme Court to gain freedom.
SC ruled that African Americans were not citizens.
This made the Missouri Compromise null and void/ Compromise of 1850 because the federal government could not limit the expansion of slavery in any state.
What is the French and Indian War?
1756-1763
War between France & the British.
Colonists also took part in fighting so they could expand their land.
Landmark court cases:
What is Marbury v. Madison?
- writ of mandamus not gathered from the appropriate court. Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional.
- recognized Judicial Review.
Name 3 Abolitionists
Frederick Douglass
William Lloyd Garrison
Harriet Tubman
What is the Compromise of 1877? (Think of Tilden vs. Hayes).
After uproar of Election of 1876, an agreement was made between HOR majority being Southern/ Democrats & Rutherford B. Hayes. To remove the military troops from the Southern States- ending Reconstruction.
What is the meaning of disenfranchisement?
- Poll taxes
- Grandfather Clause
- Literacy Tests
to limit voting rights for a specific group of people.
Name a cause for The American Revolution in 1776.
- Unfair taxation
-Sugar Act Stamp Act, Townshend Duties, etc.
- Proclamation Line 1763
What precedent did George Washington set in terms of presidential parties?
Explain John Adams Presidency 1797-1800.
DO NOT form them, but focus on the interest of the U.S. as a whole nation.
Practice Neutrality.
- Alien and Sedition acts of 1798.
Following the Civil War, expansion and tensions were based on the Federal govt. and Native Americans... What is the Dawes Severalty Act?
- An act to provide for the allotment of lands in severalty to Indians on the various reservations, and to extend the protection of the laws of the United States and the Territories over the Indians, and for other purposes.
- forced removal of someone's culture.
What was the Freedmen's Bureau?
- organization caused by Congress to help the newly freed slaves re-settle and have opportunities.
13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments are called Reconstruction Amendments- meaning they focus on what time period?
1865-1877
The Civil War Amendments.
-Legislative branch enforces those amendments.
- abolish slavery
- limit states discrimination towards African Americans and outlines what an American citizen looks like.
- voting cannot be limited based on someone's race.