Principles of Government
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There are three branches on a tree. The branch labeled 'Executive' is sawing off 'Legislative' and 'Judicial'.
Which principle of U.S. government does the political cartoonist imply the President is destroying?
A. federalism
B. individual rights
C. checks and balances
D. consent of the governed
C. checks and balances
Which of these happens first in the United States presidential election process?
A. Delegates are selected to attend their party's national convention
B. Electors meet to cast the official votes in the election.
C. The people vote for President and Vice President in a general election.
D. Political parties help select presidential and vice presidential candidates at their national conventions.
A. Delegates are selected to attend their party's national convention
The primary purpose of a political action committee (PAC) is to
A. keep citizens informed about political issues
B. monitor the actions of elected officials.
C. promote laws designed to improve the economy.
D. raise money for political campaigns
D. raise money for political campaigns
Which government action would most encourage population growth in Maryland?
A. decreasing the budget for public transportation
B. enacting stricter labor regulations
C. funding renewal projects in urban areas
D. designating land for a national park
C. funding renewal projects in urban areas
Which of these statements describes due process under the Fourteenth Amendment?
A. States must protect the right to a lawyer.
B. Basic rights are protected by executive order.
C. States must obtain congressional approval to limit rights.
D. Basic rights are limited to those stated in the Constitution.
A. States must protect the right to a lawyer.
Read the excerpt.
"A member of the General Assembly shall be elected by the registered voters of the legislative or delegate district from which he seeks election . . . "
—Maryland Constitution, Article 3
Which principle of government is supported by this excerpt?
A. federalism
B. representative democracy
C. judicial review
D. separation of powers
B. representative democracy
Which body must approve the President’s Cabinet appointments?
A. US Supreme Court
B. Electoral College
C. Department of State
D. US Senate
D. US Senate
Which of these is an example of lobbying?
A. A hotel association develops a plan to attract more tourists
B. An animal rights organization presents its views to a legislator
C. A group of citizens asks city officials for a schedule of public hearings
D. A neighborhood association backs a group of candidates for an election
B. An animal rights organization presents its views to a legislator
Read the information.
The federal government sets a limit on the number of individuals who can receive temporary visas (permits) to immigrate to the United States as seasonal workers.
What is the most likely effect this policy will have on Maryland businesses that employ workers on a seasonal basis?
A. It will increase their profits.
B. It will limit their ability to expand.
C. It will increase their productivity.
D. It will limit their benefits to workers.
B. It will limit their ability to expand.
In Bethel v. Fraser (1986), the Supreme Court ruled schools do not have to tolerate speech by students if the content is considered offensive.
This decision impacted the rights of students established by the Supreme Court's ruling in
A. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
B. New Jersey v. TLO (1985)
C. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
D. Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
C. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Which of these situations best demonstrates the principle of majority rule?
A. a state conducts a referendum to pass an education bill.
B. the President selects a new chief of staff.
C. Federal and state governments collect income tax.
D. Citizens obtain a permit to conduct a public protest.
A. a state conducts a referendum to pass an education bill.
Read the excerpt.
"When Governor Faubus ordered the Arkansas National Guard to surround Central High School to keep the nine students from entering the school, President Eisenhower ordered the 101st Airborne Division into Little Rock to ensure . . . that the rulings of the Supreme Court were upheld."
—Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library
This executive action best demonstrates the president's ability to help
A. respond to national disasters
B. protect national security
C. secure public safety
D. promote economic growth
C. secure public safety
Select the two actions that would most likely be taken by the Maryland General Assembly.
A. establishing new requirements for professional licenses
B. sending troops into battle overseas
C. establishing the price of postage
D. determining the procedures for voter registration
E. creating local public bus schedules
A. establishing new requirements for professional licenses
AND
E. creating local public bus schedules
Which of these is the best example of a special interest group?
A. an organization whose focus is to advocate legislation favorable to the elderly
B. an organization whose purpose is to nominate candidates to run for elected offices
C. a private company that hires extra employees for temporary work
D. a charitable foundation that gives money to help needy children overseas
A. an organization whose focus is to advocate legislation favorable to the elderly
Which two newspaper headlines refer to the Supreme Court decision in Baker v. Carr (1962)?
A. Supreme Court Limits Executive Privilege
B. Separate Schools "Inherently Unequal"
C. Supreme Court: Students Have First Amendment Rights
D. Federal Courts Gain Power: Can Evaluate Redistricting
E. Supreme Court Decisions Serves as Basis for New Apportionment Lawsuits
D. Federal Courts Gain Power: Can Evaluate Redistricting
AND
E. Supreme Court Decisions Serves as Basis for New Apportionment Lawsuits
Read the excerpt.
Select two bolded phrases that best exemplify the principle of popular sovereignty.
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness, —That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the goverened, —That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath [shown] that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed."
—Declaration of Independence, 1776
The correct answers are:
"Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the goverened"
AND
"it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government"
What is the main reason that fundraisers are important for a candidate for public office?
A. to help pay for the needs and wants of citizens
B. to provide personal income for the candidate during the campaign
C. to guarantee the candidate wins the election
D. to help pay for advertising and personal appearances
D. to help pay for advertising and personal appearances
Which argument best supports a policy of open primaries before the general election?
A. Political parties would have greater influence in local races.
B. Candidates would make fewer promises to special interest groups.
C. Independents would have greater influence in candidate selection.
D. Increased visibility of state races would encourage voter registration.
C. Independents would have greater influence in candidate selection.
Read the news headlines.
"International Groups Meet to Discuss Rain Forest Management"
"Warnings That Southern Kenya Faces More Drought"
"Praise for Start of Human Rights Trials in Indonesia"
Which of these organizations would take an active role in addressing all of the events described?
A. World Bank
B. United Nations
C. International Red Cross
D. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
B. United Nations
Which of these cases helped establish the right of the Supreme Court to review the constitutionality of federal law?
A. Marbury v. Madison
B. McColloch v. Maryland
C. Plessy v. Ferguson
D. Brown v. Board of Education
A. Marbury v. Madison
Read the excerpt:
"The United States, in Congress assembled, shall never engage in a war, . . . nor enter into any treaties or alliances, nor coin money, . . . unless nine states [of thirteen] agree to the same . . . "
—Articles of Confederation
Which principle of government is best exemplified by this excerpt?
A. majority rule
B. popular sovereignty
C. checks and balances
D. representative government
A. majority rule
The Consumer Product Safety Commission is a federal agency that enforces safety standards for consumer products. The agency was most likely created because
A. companies are not concerned with worker safety
B. Information is not available to make safe products
C. Interest groups cannot influence business practices
D. Competition among producers is not enough to protect citizens
D. Competition among producers is not enough to protect citizens
Which of these could result if a state's population declined over time?
A. increased funding from Congress for social programs
B. reduced representation in the House of Representatives
C. reduced representation in the United States Senate
D. greater number of electors to the Electoral College
B. reduced representation in the House of Representatives
Which set of economic indicators most likely demonstrate a trough in the business cycle?
A. Unemployment rate = 2%; Consumer Price Index = 9%
B. Unemployment rate = 4%; Consumer Price Index = 4%
C. Unemployment rate = 6%; Consumer Price Index = 1%
D. Unemployment rate = 10%; Consumer Price Index = 0.5%
D. Unemployment rate = 10%; Consumer Price Index = 0.5%
In a 1995 case, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that conducting drug tests of students participating in interscholastic athletics did not violate the Fourth Amendment's prohibition of unreasonable searches and seizures.
This ruling expanded the Supreme Court's decision in
A. New Jersey v. TLO
B. Miranda v. Arizona
C. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
D. Tinker v. Des Moines School District
A. New Jersey v. TLO