Medical Services in Preindustrial America
In preindustrial America, medical training was done with a practicing physician and not through university education.
What are apprenticeships?
After this event, major changes happened within the U.S as the country transformed from an agricultural economy to industrial capitalism.
What is the American Civil War?
Was the first broad-coverage health insurances to emerge.
What is Worker's Compensation?
Covers elderly persons, non-elderly disabled persons on Social Security, and non-elderly persons with end-stage renal disease
What is Medicare?
All states require these individuals to be licensed from an accredited medical school before they are allowed to practice medicine.
Who are Physicians?
How long it took to receive an MD degree in preindustrial America.
What is 2 years?
This created a reliance on paid professionals that specialized in specific skills.
What is Urbanization?
Justin F. Kimball created the model for this modern health insurance at Baylor University Hospital in 1929.
What is Blue Cross health insurace?
This health insurance plan covers the very poor.
The majority of these health care professionals have a salaried position and work in independent owned or national drugstore supermarkets or department store chains.
Who are Pharmacists?
Was seen as a trade rather than a profession.
What is medical practice?
First used by Dentist Horace Wells in 1846 as an anesthetic.
What is Nitrous Oxide (anesthesia)?
This health insurance plan works closely with Blue Cross to pay for physicians' fees.
What is Blue Shield?
This health insurance is financed by the states with federal funding that matches the state's per capita income.
What is Medicaid?
These health care professionals provide patients with mental health care.
Who are Psychologists?
Existed in all American cities as the forerunners to hospitals.
What are almshouses?
Founded in 1847, this organization concerted activities of physicians that paved the way to modern medicine today.
What is the American Medical Association (AMA)?
How the U.S Congress attempted to control wartime inflation during WWII. This caused employers to offer health insurance to their employees to compensate for the loss of salary raises.
What are wage freezes?
This part of Medicare uses Social Security funds to pay for hospital insurance and short-term nursing home coverage.
What is Part A?
These individuals are the main caregivers of the sick and injured in a hospital setting. They address the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of the patient.
Who are nurses?
Outpatient clinics that provided free care to individuals.
What are dispensaries?
This medical school was one of the first to reform medical education during the 1870s. Ex: they extended the academic year to 4-9 months.
What is Harvard Medical School?
This organization opposed the idea of national health care, as they saw it as a potential threat to private medical practice.
Who is the American Medical Association?
This part of Medicare is subsidized through general taxes, but the participants also pay part of the cost.
What is Part B?
The five core disciplines of these professionals are biostatistics, epidemiology, health service administration, health education/behavior science, and environmental health.
Who are Public Health Professionals?