The American West
The sudden discovery of this material led to the mass migration of settlers to California?
Gold
This method of steel production purified metal while also making it stronger.
Term: A house/apartment with very low quality of life. Crowded rooms, filthy condition.
Tenements
Term: Large corporations buying their competition, then raising prices.
Monopoly
This act opened up much of the Great Plains to be settled and was signed into law by President Lincoln
The Homestead Act
What two inventions revolutionized the way people communicated in the late 1800s?
Telegraph & Telephone
Describe what the term "Laissez Faire" meant in terms of government and business in America
The government should stay out of business and allow employers to treat their workers however they wished.
Horizontal: ex.Owning all the manufacturing in a market
Vertical: Owning all the means of production for one specific product.
This trail became a famous pathway where cowboys would lead their cattle from San Antonio Texas, to Kansas.
Chisholm Trail
Who created the lightbulb in America?
How did this revolutionize the American economy?
- Thomas Eddison
- Lights allowed stores and factories to stay open for longer periods.
What two pervasive political ideologies flourished in America during the age of Labor Reform?
Socialism
Communism
How did the invention of Kerosene forever change America?
- Cheaper heating
- Cheaper lighting
- Made the oil business incredibly rich and powerful
Describe 2 different ways the settling of the west affected the Indian populations living on the Great Plains.
- Removal from land (Reservations)
- Disturbance of Bison movement (Railroads)
- Forced assimilation
- Overall, unequal treatment
How did the mass production of goods change in the late 1800s?
Also, what producer capitalized on the mass production of automobiles?
- Assembly line of production
- Goods were being mass produced in quantity not quality for the first time
- Henry Ford
What was the Haymarket Square Bombing and how did it impact Labor Unions across the United States
A radical group of anarchists bombed a group of policemen in Chicago, 1886.
This act divided unions as they debated whether or not to support the radical move of anarchism.
Where did most immigrants land once they had reached America?
Provide one example of a push and pull factor
Ellis Island
Push Factors: Racism, religious persecution, low wages, lack of opportunity.
Pull Factors: Equal opportunity, high wages, etc.
Describe how the Trans-Continental Railroad transformed the Great Plains
- Shortened the travel time
- The movement of supplies became easier
- Establishment of timezones
- Mass immigrant labor was used for the first time in American history
(Hint: We literally have been learning about them for a week now.)
Cornelius Vanderbilt: Railroads
John D. Rockefeller: Oil
Andrew Carnegie: Steel
All men built massive companies that employed thousands of "everyday" Americans. These men also helped launch America into an industrial age.
Describe the living/working conditions of those working in factories and textiles in late 1800s America.
How did workers react to these conditions? What was the main way these groups enacted change?
Poor working conditions. Very dangerous. Death and major injury was commonplace.
Workers reacted by creating labor unions. The main way they enacted change was by going on strike.
Describe how the ideas of Social Darwinism impacted American society, and how most people viewed the relationship between business and government.
Social Darwinism: People subscribed to the idea that "only the strongest survive." This ideology was used to justify horrific tragedies later in history.
People held the view that only the strongest businesses will survive.