Gizmos & Business
This inventor created the light bulb.
Who is Thomas Edison?
When one company controls a whole industry. It's also a board game.
What is a monopoly?
Known as "The Steel King," this Scottish immigrant started out as a bobbin boy making $1.20 a week.
Who is Andrew Carnegie?
When workers refuse to work until their demands are met.
What is a strike?
War, hunger, and no jobs at home are these kinds of factors that "push" people to leave.
What are push factors?
The growth of cities as people move from farms and the countryside into them.
What is urbanization?
An area of land the U.S. government set aside for an American Indian nation to live on.
What is a reservation?
This is the smallest planet in our solar system.
What is Mercury?
Alexander Graham Bell invented this in 1876 so people could talk over wires.
What is the telephone?
A big business owned by many people who buy stock in it.
What is a corporation?
John D. Rockefeller's giant oil company, which built the refinery in Whiting.
What is Standard Oil?
When workers bargain with their boss as a group instead of one at a time. ("Collective" means group.)
What is collective bargaining?
The main immigration station in New York Harbor, near the Statue of Liberty.
What is Ellis Island?
Crowded apartment buildings near factories, where families sometimes packed 10 to 12 people into one unit.
What are tenements?
Plains nations relied on this animal for food, shelter, and tools, until hunters cut it to about 1,000 by 1889.
What is the buffalo (bison)?
This is the only continent where no people live permanently.
What is Antarctica?
French for "leave it alone," this idea says the government should stay out of business.
What is laissez-faire?
When a company buys out its competitors to control most or all of an industry.
What is horizontal integration?
Critics called Rockefeller this, meaning a businessman who "robs" people to get rich.
What is a robber baron?
Karl Marx believed in this idea, where society, not individuals, owns businesses and wealth.
What is socialism?
The belief that native-born Americans should be favored over immigrants.
What is nativism?
As cities grew, so did this group between the rich and the poor, who often worked in offices and professions.
What is the middle class?
The U.S. signed many of these formal agreements with Native nations, promising land and supplies, then often broke them
What is a treaty?
This is the largest organ in the human body.
What is the liver?
In 1883, railroads split the country into these so every town wasn't on its own clock.
What are time zones?
Controlling every stage of making a product, from raw materials to the finished good.
What is vertical integration?
This idea took Charles Darwin's "survival of the fittest" and used it to explain why some people are rich.
What is Social Darwinism?
After pay cuts in 1877, railroad workers across the country walked off the job in this, the first nationwide strike.
What is the Great Railroad Strike?
This 1882 law banned Chinese laborers from immigrating and from becoming citizens.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
Spread through water polluted by human waste, this disease was nicknamed the "Blue Death."
What is cholera?
These people moved west and wanted Native land for farms, mines, and railroads.
Who/What are settlers?
It's not oxygen, but this gas makes up most of the air we breathe.
What is nitrogen?
Going from poor to rich through hard work is called going from "___ to riches."
What is rags?
A group of companies that join together to control an industry and wipe out competition.
What is a trust?
Carnegie pledged $15,000 in 1906 to help build this place right next to your school, on land donated by Standard Oil.
What is the Whiting Public Library?
This railroad union leader was jailed after the 1894 Pullman Strike and later ran for president as a Socialist.
Who is Eugene V. Debs?
Chinese immigrants were held at this station in San Francisco, the West Coast's version of Ellis Island.
What is Angel Island?
In 1906, U.S. Steel built this entire city around its new mill.
What is Gary, Indiana?
After officials grew afraid of the Ghost Dance, this 1890 massacre of 250-300 Lakota ended major armed resistance.
What is the Wounded Knee Massacre?
This is the only letter of the alphabet that doesn't appear in any U.S. state's name.
What is Q?