Unit 1: Creating a Nation - Beginnings-1877
What were the catalysts that began the American Revolution?
Common Sense
The Stamp Act
Intolerable Acts
Quartering Act
Proclamation of 1763
Why was the Dawes Act a failure?
Many Native Americans did not want to or could not assimilate into the dominant culture.
What ideal of the free enterprise system wanted the government to remain out of economic affairs?
laissez-faire
Which of the following was a reason for the United States to become more active in international affairs?
The need to find new markets
What was the result of alliances between European countries against one another?
Countries began to engage in militarism.
During the Forbes Scandal, what was Colonel Charles Forbes accused of doing?
Selling scarce medical supplies from veterans' hospitals for personal profit
When too many people attempt to withdraw their money from a bank in fear that the bank will collapse, it is called a _______.
Bank run
The Monroe Doctrine declared that
Nobody could colonize or intervene in the Americas
What was the Dawes Act?
Law passed by Congress in 1887, allotted land to the Native Americans.
What role did railroads play in industrialization?
They expanded markets for industrial products by making it easier for Western settlers to purchased them.
What territories did the United States acquire from Spain in 1898 as a result of the Spanish-American War?
Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines
How did the unification of the German states and the emergence of the German Empire lead to tensions in Europe?
Several countries feared that Germany would invade them and begin to create alliances.
President Harding's cabinet appointments, including his friends from Ohio, were referred to as _______.
The Ohio Gang
What led to a bull stock market in 1928?
Economic prosperity and optimism
The Seven Years’ War took place in three main regions of the world: Europe, North America, and which of the following?
India
Why were early peace treaties with Native Americans doomed to failure?
Only some obeyed and moved to reservations, then faced poverty and starvation.
What is Robert Fulton responsible for doing?
Invented paddle-wheel steamboat, increasing the pace of industrialization in the U.S.
Why did President Theodore Roosevelt negotiate a “gentlemen’s agreement” with Japan, stopping Japanese immigration to the United States?
Japan had become so powerful that many Americans began to fear that their own country was threatened by it.
A conflict between which countries complicated the Paris Peace Conference?
Secret European agreements Great Britain and France and Wilson’s principle of self-determination
Which two of Harding's appointees remained under President Coolidge and contributed greatly to the prosperity of the 1920s?
Andrew Mellon and Herbert Hoover
Banks failed in 1929 and 1930 as a result of the market crash because _______.
Investors defaulted on loans for stocks, and banks had also invested in the market
The First Continental Congress was held in ________, in September 1774
Philadelphia
In what is called the Sand Creek Massacre, the Cheyenne were waiting in the area to
Negotiate a peace treaty.
What inventor created the phonograph, the light bulb, motion pictures, and several electric companies?
Thomas Alva Edison
What new American attitude toward international affairs led to the building-up of the U.S. Navy?
A willingness to go to war to protect American interests overseas
What was the final German act that caused the United States to declare war on Germany?
The sinking of six American ships by German submarines
Which famous scandal involved the secretary of the interior taking bribes to lease oil reserves to private interests?
The Teapot Dome Scandal
Why were investors in a hurry to sell any stock that dropped slightly in price?
Because the broker could issue a margin call and demand repayment of their loan
Abolitionism threatened to remove much of the free labor from Southern plantations in the United States. Abolitionism was _______
A movement to do away with slavery.
What was the Homestead Act?
Law passed in 1862, encouraging settlers to move west
What social change brought about the Industrial Revolution?
The emergence of the middle class and the working class.
Which economic policies put in place by industrialized nations caused those nations to look for new markets?
High tariffs against one another's goods
The desire to promote one's own country's culture and interests above all other nations is called _______.
Nationalism
Mellon's principle of cutting tax rates in order to stimulate the economy is known today as _______.
Supply-side, or "trickle down," economics
What was one of the results of the soaring stock market of 1928?
More and more new and often inexperienced investors were entering the market.
The Declaration of Independence was influenced by what philosophical movement?
Enlightenment
What plan did the Indian Peace Commission propose in order to deal with Native American tensions in the West?
Create two large reservations to separate the Plains Indians from white settlers
How did Alexander Graham Bell's invention of the telephone contribute to growing industrialization?
His invention revolutionized communication between businesses and individuals.
What is imperialism?
The economic and political domination of a strong nation over weaker ones
During the Paris Peace Conference, President Woodrow Wilson was able to do what?
Successfully promote the League of Nations
Rather than relying on armed force to influence global policy during the 1920s, the U.S. used _______.
Economic policies and arms agreements
What did it mean to purchase stocks on "margin"?
The investor would pay a small down payment, and the broker would lend the money for the rest of the purchase.
The Constitutional Convention began as
A meeting of delegates to revise the Articles of Confederation.
What occurred at the Battle of the Little Bighorn?
George A. Custer, commander of the U.S. Seventh Cavalry, suffered an overwhelming defeat by Native Americans
What two factors led to a larger workforce available to new industries?
Immigration and higher infant survival rates
How did the rise in factories influence the American drive toward imperialism?
No country had access to all the natural resources needed to run their industries.
What was the Zimmermann telegram?
The telegram to Mexico from Germany promising to give Mexico land lost to the U.S. if they joined the war
What position did Herbert Hoover hold in the Coolidge administration?
Secretary of commerce
hat was one way in which speculation contributed to the stock market crash of 1929?
People continued to purchase on margin, driving up the price of stock artificially.