Reconstruction
Reconstruction brought changes to the relationship between what 2 institutions?
States and federal government
During what century did the United States experience rapid industrialization?
Late 19th century
What were two major reasons people migrated within and immigrated to the United States during industrialization?
The workforce was growing, and immigrants were seeking new work opportunities.
What were the 3 main issues Progressive activists tried to address during the Progressive Era?
Political corruption, social injustices, economic inequality
What was one of the three major long-term tensions among European nations that contributed to the outbreak of World War I?
Alliances, competition, and volatile balance of power
What did the Freedmen’s Bureau provide for the formerly enslaved people?
Education, healthcare, legal support
Which three major industries expanded due to technological innovations?
Steel, oil, textiles
What is the term for: neighborhoods where a specific immigrant community settled and kept their culture alive
ethnic enclave
What kinds of problems did reformers want to improve?
Public health, education, living conditions for the impoverished
What event in June 1914 sparked the beginning of World War I?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary
What were the 2 systems that the formerly enslaved people used to try to gain financial independence?
Tenant farming and sharecropping
What two techniques made mass production possible?
Assembly lines and interchangeable parts
Where did many immigrants settle in New York, and what kind of work did they often do there?
They settled in the Lower East Side, and they found jobs in garment factories and small businesses.
Who were muckrakers?
Journalists who exposed the dark and corrupt side of society.
What was the Zimmermann Telegram, and how did it influence the U.S. decision to enter the war?
Germany proposed an alliance with Mexico; President Wilson said that the U.S. had a moral obligation to ensure democracy and global peace.
How did sharecropping trap African Americans in debt?
They had to borrow supplied with high interest rates.
Which regions did U.S. industries seek to influence or control in global markets?
Pacific Rim, Asia, and Latin America
Why did many African Americans leave the rural South during the Great Migration?
They were escaping Jim Crow Laws, and they wanted industrial jobs in bigger cities.
How did President Woodrow Wilson contribute to racial tensions within the Progressive movement?
Federal offices were re-segregated
How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany after the war?
Loss of land and paying back money to the countries they wronged
In what areas did the Jim Crow Laws institutionalize segregation?
Public spaces, education, transportation
What were trusts?
allowed companies to coordinate production and set prices
How did neighborhoods like Chinatown and Little Italy help immigrants preserve their cultural heritage?
Their languages, customs, and traditions were kept the same.
Why were Progressives divided over issues such as race and immigration?
Some supported segregation while others pushed for racial justice; some wanted immigrants to come to America while others favored immigration restrictions.
Why did the United States initially stay neutral in World War I?
Defend democracy and promote international peace