Unit 1
What was the Industrial Revolution, and how did it change production in the U.S.?
It was a shift from hand-made goods to machine production, leading to factories, urban growth, and mass production.
What does “progressive” mean in this historical context?
Seeking reform to fix problems caused by industrialization and corruption. (righting wrongs)
What is imperialism?
When a stronger nation controls weaker nations economically, politically, or militarily.
What was the modern woman called during this time?
Flapper
What is the business cycle?
The regular flow of the economy. Expansion, peak, recession, trough
What’s the difference between a primary and a secondary source?
Primary = original document or object; Secondary = interpretation or analysis of a primary source.
Name 3 things that muckrackers exposed
Meat industry
lynching
Tenemant Housing
Political corruption (boss tweed)
What caused the Spanish-American War?
Explosion of the USS Maine, Yellow Journalism, and Cuban independence movement.
What was popular music created by Black artists called?
Jazz
What were the causes of the dust bowl?
drought, over-farming, and soil erosion
Who were the “Robber Barons” and what industries did they control?
Carnegie (steel), Rockefeller (oil), Ford (automobiles).
What were the four pillars of the Progressive Movement?
Social reform, political reform, economic reform, and moral reform.
What event started WWI in 1914?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
What part of the business cycle was America experiencing at this time? (expansion, peak, recession, trough)
Expansion
What was Hoovers philosophy for solving the Great Depression?
Rugged Individualism / pull yourself up by your own bootstraps
What were working conditions like for factory workers?
Long hours, low pay, unsafe environments, child labor, few rights.
What were the main strategies of women’s suffrage groups?
Protests, hunger strikes, lobbying, and public marches.
Who were the Allied and Central Powers?
Allies: Britain, France, Russia, U.S.
Central: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire.
What is the 18th Amendment called?
Prohibition
What was the bonus army?
WW1 veterans asking for their bonuses early
What is collective bargaining and why is it important?
It’s negotiation between workers and employers; it improved wages and conditions through unions.
What did Plessy v. Ferguson decide?
Separate but equal
Why did the U.S. enter WWI?
Sinking of Lusitania, Zimmerman Telegram, and protecting democracy.
How did people buy stocks at the time?
Bought on margin (loans)
What did the Social Security Act do?
Provided pensions (money) to the elderly, disabled, or unemployed