Events 1
1. What was the Dred Scott Decision? 2. What was the ruling?
1. Enslaved African American who sued for freedom after living in free territories. 2. Supreme court: Chief Justice Roger B. Taney ruled against saying slaves were property and not citizens
First conflict of the civil war?
Fort Sumter
What is Popular Sovereignty?
Idea that citizens of each new territory should decide whether or not to permit slavery
Who was Abraham Lincoln? (2 parts)
Illinois Congressman who ran for senate and lost, wins 1860 presidential election
What were the two opposing sides?
Union (North) and Confederacy (South)
What was John Brown's raid?
John Brown led a raid (in Virginia) in hopes of starting a slave rebellion
Result: caught, executed
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
The proclamation (speech) in which Lincoln declared all slaves free *by doing such it shift focus of war to ending slavery which discouraged other countries from helping the south
What was the Wilmont Proviso?
amendment aimed to prohibit slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico
What was Robert E. Lee?
General/ Leader of the Confederate Army
What was the leading cause of death during the war?
Diseases due to infection, medical tools were not always cleaned before being used on the next person
After Lincoln wins the election, which state was the first to secede?
How does the war end?
April 1865, Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court House
What was the Fugitive Slave Act?
Part of 1850 compromise, required slaves to be returned to their owners even if they were found in free states
Who was Ulysses S. Grant?
General who lead union army, late President of the US
Role of roads, telegraphs, and photos
roads- troop movement, logistics, strategy
telegraph- communication, union advantage
photos- war documentation, public awareness, legacy
Why did Lincoln declare martial law in border states?
1. Prevent those states from joining the confederacy
2. Allowed the union to suspend certain civil rights (habeas corpus)
When was Lincoln assassinated?
April 14, 1865 at Ford's Theater, head shot
What was the Wade-Davis Bill?
bill that required a majority (50%) of white males in former confederate states to swear loyalty and rejoin Union
Who was Andrew Johnson and what did he do?
Southern Democrat, took over after Lincoln assassination. Pardoned many former confederate leaders
Role of Women and African Americans?
Women- served as nurses as well as preparing medical supplies on the home front
African Americans- 180,000 African Americans served
What major union victories turned the tide of the war?
Gettysburg and Vicksburg
Why was Johnson impeached?
What were the 13th, 14th, 15th amendments?
13th- abolished slavery
14th- Granted citizenship to all born in the U.S., including formerly enslaved people
15th- Gave African American males right to vote
Who was Rutherford B. Hayes?
"won" contested 1876 by way of compromise of 1870, ended reconstruction period as federal troops are removed from South
What was the Tenure of Office Act?
Passed to limit Johnson's power, required Senates approval before president could remove certain individual's from office