Unit 1: Gilded Age/The West
Supporters of the captains of industry view would argue that men like Vanderbilt, Carnegie, and Rockefeller:
Provided critical infrastructure and innovations that fueled America’s rise as an industrial power
When Commodore Perry used his “Black Ships” to open Japan, how did his actions foreshadow later U.S. foreign policy in Asia?
They set a pattern of using military pressure to achieve economic goals.
Jane Addams described Hull House as an effort to relieve “overaccumulation at one end of society and destitution at the other.” How did her approach to class conflict differ from more radical movements of the time?
She sought cooperation and mutual responsibility between rich and poor.
Why was Roosevelt’s promise of a “new deal” so powerful in 1932?
It offered hope amid economic failure
What was Hitler’s strategy for attacking Poland and France first?
It involved using powerful tanks to strike fast and cause confusion.
Immigrants who clustered in ethnic neighborhoods did so primarily because:
It allowed them to preserve cultural traditions and provide mutual support
The U.S. annexation of Hawaii (1898) was motivated largely by:
A desire to establish a Pacific naval base and protect the sugar trade.
How did southern states use “technically color-blind” laws like poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses to undermine the Fifteenth Amendment?
By creating legal obstacles that appeared neutral but were enforced in ways that blocked most Black voters while protecting many white voters.
The Great Migration changed Harlem because
Black Americans moved there in large numbers, forming a major cultural center
Why was Germany unable to conquer Great Britain?
The English Channel offered a natural barrier, protecting Great Britain.
Which of the following was the most significant pull factor drawing immigrants to the United States between 1870 and 1920?
Industrial job opportunities
What motivated the U.S. to issue the Open Door Notes regarding China in 1899–1900?
To ensure equal trading rights for all nations in China
Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle was meant to expose labor exploitation but instead mainly provoked outrage over unsanitary meatpacking conditions. What does this outcome suggest about Progressive Era priorities among many middle-class readers and lawmakers?
They were more immediately motivated by threats to their own health as consumers than by injustices faced by industrial workers.
Popular culture became a form of “escape” in the 1920s because
People wanted relief from strict social rules and postwar realities
What military tactic did General MacArthur use to push the Japanese military back?
Island Hopping
Which of the following best explains why political machines like Tammany Hall gained power in immigrant-heavy cities?
They provided essential services and aid that governments often failed to deliver
Supporters of imperialism in the late 1800s often used Social Darwinism to justify expansion by claiming that:
Stronger nations had a moral duty to dominate weaker ones.
Describe the difference in philosophy for civil rights between Booker T Washington and WEB Dubois.
Booker wanted blacks to work and earn their civil rights slowly without violence and keeping themselves safe. Dubois wanted radical change from the top down immediately.
Which factor BEST explains the rapid rise of consumer goods?
nationwide movement supporting lines of credit
What event occurred on December 7th, 1941 (a day that will live in infamy) - The US Pacific Fleet is almost destroyed
Attack on Pearl Harbor
The government’s massive land grants and subsidies to railroad companies reveal what about the relationship between business and government during the Gilded Age?
Government and big business were deeply intertwined in promoting industrial growth
Which statement best explains the connection between imperialism and industrialization?
Industrialized nations sought new markets and resources to fuel production.
How did Supreme Court decisions like the Civil Rights Cases (1883) and Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) interact with southern segregation laws to shape African American life in the Progressive Era?
It allowed private and state segregation to flourish under the “separate but equal”idea.
Roosevelt differed from Hoover mainly because FDR:
Believed direct federal relief was necessary
What was the US and Allied joint Invasion to liberate France and Europe called?
Operation Overlord (D-Day)