US History Final Exam Review

Civil Rights

100

What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott? Which two major figures of the Civil Rights movement were directly involved in this event?

The Montgomery Bus Boycott was when African Americans protested by not getting on the bus because of Rsa's Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King Jr.

200

What is one major similarity and one major difference between Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X's perspective on the Civil war.

MLK - peaceful protest, Malcolm X - encouraged black violence against white violence, both were assassinated.

300

List two major events during the civil rights movement and explain their significance.

Little Rock 9, Montgomery Bus Boycott, Plessy v. Ferguson, Freedom Rides, Brown v. Board of Education, March on Washington, Voting Rights Act of 1965, etc.

400

Part 1: What rights did Cesar Chavez fight for? Part 2: Who inspired his method of protesting? Part 3: How was his approach to fighting for civil rights similar to Martin Luther King's?

Part 1: Civil rights for Mexican Americans (farm workers in particular) Part 2: Gandhi. Part 3: Non-violent protesting.

500

Part 1: What was the court case "Brown v. Board of Education" about? Give a brief description. Part 2: How did this court case end? What was the ruling/verdict?

Part 1: 13 parents filed a lawsuit against the Topeka school district because their children were rejected from schools that were right around the corner from their homes. Part 2: This court case ended segregation in schools. The court ruled that refusing the students was a violation of the 14th Amendment (the right to equal protection under the law).

Cold War

100

Who were the two superpowers after WWII that faced off during the Cold War?

Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (U.S.A.)

200

Part 1: What was the US Policy during the Cold War? Part 2: What is the "Domino Theory" and how did that align with U.S. policy during the Cold War?

Part 1: Policy of Containment Part 2: Domino Theory is the theory that if one country falls to communism then all of the rest will also become communist. The U.S. used this theory in line with their policy of Containment.

300

Part 1: Which countries were aiding North and South Korea during the Korean War? Part 2: What was the end result of the Korean War? (How did Korea end up after the fighting was over?)

Part 1: Communist China was helping North Korea, The U.S. was helping South Korea. Part 2: North Korea and South Korea were divided by the 38th Parallel latitude line. North Korea remained communist, South Korea remained free and was aided by the U.S. through the Marshall Plan.

400

Part 1: Define the term "Brinkmanship". Part 2: In what ways were the US and Soviets competing/developing during the Cold War?

Part 1: Brinkmanship is the policy of being ready and on the edge of war constantly. Part 2: new technology, space race, arms race, education, science.

500

Part 1: What were the two rival alliances made during the Cold war? Part 2: Which one did the US belong to? Part 3: Which one did the Soviets belong to?

Part 1: NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and the Warsaw Pact. Part 2: The US was part of NATO Part 3: The Soviets were part of the Warsaw Pact

WWII

100

Why did the United States join WWII?

Their former ally Britain was under attack by Germany (Battle of Britain). The US and Britain trade and have had a long relationship and the US felt the need to step in and help them fight back against the Germans.

200

Name four major battles of World War II.

- Battle of Midway - Battle of Guadalcanal - Battle of Pearl Harbor - Battle of Stalingrad - Battle of the Bulge - D-Day

300

Part 1: Define "Island Hopping" Part 2: In which battle was the strategy "Island Hopping" used? Part 3: What was the outcome of this battle?

Part 1: The strategy of hopping from island to island in the Pacific to reach Japanese strongholds and stop them from spreading/building/expanding their empire. Part 2: Battle of Guadalcanal Part 3: The US was able to prevent the Japanese from building their next stronghold. The Japanese called this island the "Island of Death" because they lost almost all of their soldiers that were stationed there.

400

How did Germany's relationship with Russia develop/change during World War II? Describe any major agreements or events that happened between them.

Germany and Russia had the Non-Aggression Pact (an agreement to not fight or attack each other for 10 years). Later on during WWII, Germany attacked Russia (Stalingrad and Moscow) breaking the Non-Aggression Pact and became enemies and Russia joined the Allies at the end of the War.

500

Part 1: What was the fate of Germany after World War II (what did the Big Three decide to do with Germany)? Part 2: How was Japan treated (which two major events happened)?

Part 1: Germany was divided into four occupation zones (France, Britain, US, Russia). Part 2: Hiroshima and Nagasaki were dropped on Japan (also, the US set up a provisional government after Japan's surrender).

WWI

100

What are the four M.A.I.N. causes of World War I?

Militarism Alliances (tangled) Imperialism Nationalism

200

Part 1: Name 3 types of new technology used during WWI. Part 2: Name the new way of fighting was invented during WWI and two disadvantages to this style of fighting.

Part 1: Poison gas, machine guns, tanks, planes, submarines. Part 2: Trench Warfare. Disease, more casualties, no land gained.

300

Part 1: What was the name of the agreement that ended WWI? Part 2: How was Germany treated after WWI? List at least 3 punishments/restrictions.

Part 1: Treaty of Versailles Part 2: blamed for the war, paid $33 billion in reparations, restricted their army, returned land to other countries, gave up colonies, can't buy/make weapons, no air-force.

400

How did WWI affect the United States on the home front? List three things that changed on the home front.

1. Women had more jobs. 2. The US military was strengthened. 3. The US government was strengthened. 4. Over-production of goods after the war leading to the Depression. 5. Social change for African Americans (Great Migration, moved north for jobs, few participated in the war too).

500

Part 1: Who wrote the 14 Points? Part 2: Define what the 14 Points was and why it was not adopted. Part 3: What important organization did the 14 Points establish?

Part 1: Woodrow Wilson Part 2: The US plan for peace at the end of WWII. It was not adopted because France and Britain (Georges Clemenceau & David Lloyd George) wanted revenge and to make Germany pay for the war. Part 3: The League of Nations

First Semester

100

Part 1: What are the first 10 Amendments known as? Part 2: Name 3 of the amendments in the Bill of Rights.

Part 1: The Bill of Rights. Part 2: Freedom of speech, right to bear arms, housing soldiers, arrests and searches, rights if accused, right to a trail by jury, no cruel and unusual punishment, separation of powers, citizens have additional rights not listed explicitly here.

200

Part 1: US industry was expanding in the late 1800s. Name three inventions or parts of industry that became popular at that time. Part 2: How did your examples benefit the American people?

Transcontinental railroad, incandescent light bulb/electricity, typewriter, telephone, barbed wire, skyscrapers, tractors, Brooklyn Bridge, steel/Bessemer process, oil.

300

Part 1: In the 1800s, what was the major difference between the Northern and Southern sate economies? Part 2: Why did Civil war break out between the North and the South?

Part 1: North had industry, South had agriculture. Part 2: When Lincoln became president, the South ceded from the Union. The North wanted to end slavery and reunite the North and the South.

400

Part 1: How did Prohibition affect American life during the early 1900s? Part 2: What was social life like during the 1920s?

Part 1: the rise of speakeasies, bootleggers and people brewing their own alcohol illegally, people spent money frivolously. Part 2: Going out, celebrating life after WWI, spending lots of money on credit, drinking at speakeasies/secret bars and clubs, emergence of jazz music, new dancing, Harlem Renaissance etc.

500

How did African Americans contribute to the cultural scene during the 1920s?

African Americans created blues, jazz and other variations of music that are now commonly popular today. The Harlem Renaissance (the rebirth of African American culture in New York).