A New Nation
What document created the current United States’ Government?
Who were the 49ers?
People who rushed to California during the Gold Rush of 1849.
What is assimilation?
Forcing people to adopt another culture.
Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Which state was the first to secede from the Union?
South Carolina
List two warnings made in Washington's Farewell Address to the Union.
No political parties
Stay out of world affairs
No alliances
Francis Scott Key
What was Andrew Jackson's nickname, and why did he receive the name?
"King Jackson"
Some Americans believed Jackson had too much power.
Explain why the Missouri Compromise was created.
To ensure there was an equal amount of free states and slave states in the United States.
This person was the leader of the Confederate States of America.
Jefferson Davis
What is the difference between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
Federalists supported the Constitution and a strong national government.
Anti-Federalists feared a strong national government and wanted stronger state powers.
Explain four consequences of the Mexican-American War.
The U.S. gained large western territories.
Conflict over slavery in new territories increased.
Many Americans died fighting in the war
Strained relationships between countries
U.S. build up military
Identify two ways boarding schools attempted to assimilate Native American children.
Students were often required to speak English, wear American-style clothing, cut their hair, and stop practicing their Native American languages, traditions, and customs.
Identify and explain the Three S's and how they led to the Civil War.
Sectionalism:
Strong loyalty to one region instead of the country.
Increased conflict between North and South.
Slavery:
The system of forced labor.
Disagreements over slavery divided the nation.
States Rights
The belief states could reject federal laws.
Southern states used this idea to defend slavery and secession.
Define the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments.
13th: Abolished slavery
14th: Granted citizenship and protection of rights for citizens
15th: Gave African American MEN the right to vote.
What are the jobs of the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches?
Legislative: Make laws
Executive: Enforce Laws
Judicial: Interpret Laws
What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?
To warn European countries not to colonize or interfere in the Americas (Western Hemisphere)
Explain how Jackson's actions toward Native Americans reflected Manifest Destiny.
Give an example of a policy done during his presidency that reflected this.
He supported removing Native Americans from their lands so American settlers could move west.
Policies such as the Trail of Tears opened more land for expansion and helped the United States grow across North America.
Compare the economies of the North and South and explain how they affected political disagreements.
The North had an industrial economy based on factories and trade.
The South had an agricultural economy based on plantations and slavery.
The differences caused disagreements about slavery, taxes, and political power.
Explain how sharecropping became a challenge after slavery ended.
After slavery ended, many formerly enslaved people had no land or money, so they became sharecroppers. They often had to borrow supplies from landowners and pay back their debts with crops, which kept many families trapped in poverty and unable to gain economic independence.
Identify four precedents set by Washington.
Creating a cabinet.
Serving only two terms. (8 years total)
Giving a Farewell Address.
Name of the President (Mr. President)
Inauguration
Farewell address when leading office
Which war did France fight that led Napoleon to selling the Louisiana Purchase?
Haitian Revolution
Explain two similarities and two differences between the Whig Party and Democratic Party (1800s)
Similarities:
Differences:
Democratic Party: Supported Andrew Jackson, against national bank, power to the states, represents the "common man," supporters were farmers, laborers, people living in the frontier, South/West
Whig Party: Formed mainly to oppose Jackson, supported national bank, strong national government, supporters were business leaders, merchants, bankers, most people living in the North.
Explain two ways that the Dred Scott Decision pushed the nation closer to war.
The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved people were not citizens and that Congress could not ban slavery in U.S. territories.
- Angered many Northerners that they were required to return former slaves.
- Freed African Americans were kidnapped into slavery without being able to stand trail.
- Strengthened pro-slavery forces in the South, which increased sectional tensions between the two regions.
Explain two successes and two failures of Reconstruction.
Successes:
- Abolished slavery (13th Amendment), Gave citizenship to African Americans (14th Amendment), African American men could vote (15th Amendment), the Union was united again, agreed to not seceding in the future
Failures:
- Black Codes were implemented, sharecropping kept many African Americans trapped in poverty, U.S. military could not make the South stop resisting Reconstruction (led to it ending in 1876)