The Reconstruction Era
Antebellum America
Industrialization
& Immigration
Reshaping the American West
Politics & Government
100
The Civil War was viewed through three distinct lenses. Southerners viewed the Civil War as a _________________, Northerners viewed it as _________________, and emancipated blacks viewed it as ________________________.
What are a lost cause, victory over vice (triumph of good over evil), opportunity (for equality, civil/human rights, education and economic improvement.)
100
After collapse of this crop, the Southern economy set its sights on these four industries for expansion and recovery.
What are cotton, tobacco, iron & steel mining, textiles, and timber?
100
In response to the increased numbers of immigrants to the U.S., the _________________________ limited citizenship to “white persons and persons of African descent," and was intended to bar Chinese from becoming citizens. Additionally, this made the Chinese the only group that could not immigrate freely to the United States, and were examples of America's growing sense of __________________, which was a favoritism of the interests and culture of native-born U.S. inhabitants over those of immigrants.
What are the Naturalization Act of 1870, Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, nativism.
100
In 1862, this law provided 160 acres of free land to anyone who would live on and farm the land for five years. A few years later, further increasing its stronghold in the west, this law terminated tribal ownership of land and allotted some parcels of land to individual Indians with the remainder opened for white settlement.
What are the Homestead Act and the Dawes Act?
100
These were enacted in the 1870s in the Midwest to regulate rates charged by railroads, grain elevator operators and other middlemen.
What are Granger Laws?
200
While blacks were freed/emancipated after the Civil War, this practice essentially still tied them both to the land and under the power of white landlords.
What is sharecropping?
200
Started in the post-Reconstruction era and continued throughout the first half of the 20th century, _______________ were multipurpose structures in poor neighborhoods that offered social welfare, educational, and homemaking services to the poor or immigrants usually under private auspices and directed by middle-class women.
What are Settlement Houses?
200
_________________________ were created when workers resisted the new rules of "efficiency experts" and called for improved wages and working conditions, reduced work hours and demanding laws to compensate workers injured on the job, curb child labor, and regulate the employment of women.
What are Labor Unions?
200
After being removed from their ancestral lands by military force and fake treaties, ____________________ were forced to live on ___________________ as the U.S. developed the west and imposed government-sanctioned _______________________.
What are Native Americans, reservations and assimilation/Americanization?
200
The Prohibitionists, Greenbacks, and Populists were these, whereas the mugwumps and National American Woman Suffrage Association were examples of these.
What are third parties and lobbyists (or political associations)?
300
The _________________________ guaranteed every citizen equality before the law by prohibiting states from violating the civil rights of their citizens, thus outlawing the black codes.
What is the 14th amendment?
300
These three things were instituted to further restrict the suffrage of blacks.
What are poll taxes, literacy requirements, and grandfather clauses?
300
Both southern blacks and immigrants from Europe and Asia moved to these areas in search of higher wages and an improved economic and social outlook.
What are cities? Also acceptable: What are urban areas?
300
This government "program" allowed for industrial westward expansion and helped lead to the boom in these three industries in the American West.
What are Railroad Land Grants, agriculture/farming, ranching, and mining?
300
This system of voting was adopted and replaced the earlier practice of using colored tickets.
What is the Australian Ballot system or secret ballot system?
400
The _____________________ guaranteed the right of American men to vote, regardless of race.
What is the 15th amendment?
400
These "laws" further allowed this type of violence against blacks in the south and white sympathizers (often carried out by the Klan) and helped promote and enforce this.
What are "Jim Crow Laws," lynching, and segregation?
400
These are associations with legal rights and liabilities separate from those of its members and became the key factor in America's dominance as an industrial power. They became a significant factor with the growth of railroads in the 1850s and a key feature of them is the separation of ownership and management.
What are corporations?
400
This granted 11 million acres to states to sell to fund public agricultural colleges.
What is the Morril Act?
400
This type of ____________________ government characterized the weak presidency and ineffective Congress up until the end of the 19th century. Two key changes on the federal and state legislative levels. included the cessation of the _______________, which was based on favoritism and cronyism and replaced with wide-spread _________________ reform that valued merit and skill.
What are laissez-faire government, spoils system and the Pendleton Civil Service Act (or Civil Service) reform.
500
This was an agency established by Congress in March 1865 to provide social, educational, and economic services, advice, and protection to former slaves and destitute whites and lasted for seven years.
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
500
She spoke and wrote critically of these -- executions, usually by a mob, without trial -- was an active crusader against their practice that was often fueled by ideas that the practice was justified by alleged threat of black male sexuality to white female virtue.
Who is Ida B. Wells and what are lynchings (or Lynch Laws)?
500
In 1877, this railroad strike to protest wage cuts and the use of federal troops against strikers was the first nationwide work stoppage in American history and is called the _____________________.
What is the Great Uprising?
500
These two "industries" sprung up in the American west as offshoots of the primary industries.
What are prostitution and saloons?
500
BONUS QUESTION!!! In the late 19th-century political/legislative landscape, these three things were adopted and are still used today. The first was the ______________, a procedure by which citizens can introduce a subject for legislation, usually through a petition signed by a specific number of voters. The second was the _______________, which is the submission of a law, proposed or already in effect, to a direct popular vote for approval or rejection. The third was the _______________, which is the process of removing an official from office by popular vote, usually after using petitions to call for such a vote.
What are the initiative, referendum and recall?
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