The Great Awakening
Who wrote "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"?
Jonathan Edwards
What cash crop was the main foundation of the economy in the Chesapeake and North Carolina Colonies?
Tobacco
What is the Atlantic Economy?
A system of exchange where goods, enslaved Africans, and cultural practices connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas
What is The Seven Years' War?
A North American conflict fought from 1754 to 1763 between Great Britain and France, along with their respective Indigenous allies
How did enslaved Africans demonstrate cultural hybridization in the colonies?
By blending their diverse African traditions with European and Indigenous cultures to create new, unique forms of religion, music, language, and food.
How did the Great Awakening help prepare Colonies for revolution?
It introduced ideas about individual liberty and encouraged people to question established authority
Which labor system was used first to grow tobacco in the Chesapeake before enslaved Africans became the primary labor force?
Indentured servents
It connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas through the exchange of goods, raw materials, and labor
What was a major cause of the Seven Years war?
A combination of European territorial rivalries and a global colonial struggle for power between Great Britain and France
What is Cultural Hybridization?
The blending of traditions, beliefs,, languages, and practices from different cultures to create new cultural forms
What caused the First Great Awakening?
A reaction against declining church piety, formal and rigid religious practices, and the growing influence of Enlightenment rationalism.
What is Gullah Culture?
A special culture created by enslaved Africans and their families in the Southern colonies
How did enslaved Africans and American Indians contribute to the development of the Atlantic Economy? (DOUBLE POINTS)
Enslaved Africans provided forced labor, while American Indians contributed labor in Spanish colonies, supporting the production of goods for European markets
What connects the Seven Years War to growing tensions in the American colonies?
The conflict involved Britain and France, along with their Native allies, and became part of the larger developments that prepared the colonies for revolution
What shows cultural blending between Europeans and Native Americans?
Europeans and Native Americans adopting practices and goods from one another
What is the First Great Awakening?
A massive religious revival that swept through the British American colonies during the 1730s and 1740s
Put these in order from first to last: Navigation Acts, Mercantilism, Colonial Resistance
Mercantilism -> Navigation Acts -> Colonial Resistance
What is the Middle Passage?
This horrific leg of the Triangular Trade network involved the forced transportation of millions of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas
What is the Proclamation of 1763?
To prevent further conflicts with Native Americans after the French and Indian War, King George III issued this 1763 decree forbidding colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
Cultural hybridization occurred when Europeans and Native Americans... (give at least two elements)
interacted and combined their traditions, foods, languages, and technologies to create blended cultural practices.
How long did the First Great Awakening last? (# of years OR what year to what year)
The historical First Great Awakening lasted for roughly 10 to 30 years (spanning from the 1730s through the 1740s, with some regional impacts extending later)
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
This 1676 uprising in Virginia, led by disgruntled frontier settlers against Governor William Berkeley, accelerated the colony's transition away from white indentured servitude toward racialized chattel slavery.
What is Mercantilism?
A system where colonies sent raw materials back to England to help make Britain richer
What is the Treaty of Paris?
The 1763 treaty that officially ended the Seven Years' War, forcing France to surrender virtually all of its North American territory to Great Britain.
What is the French model of colonization? (TRIPLE POINTS)
To smoothly run their fur trade, French traders often lived among Indigenous tribes, learned native languages, and married Native American women, creating communities where European and Native cultures deeply blended.