Unit 1
This economic shift replaced hand production with machine-based factory work, dramatically increasing output and changing daily life.
What is industrialization?
This group sought to reform government, improve working conditions, and regulate big business in the early 1900s.
Who were the Progressives?
This cultural movement celebrated Black art, music, and literature and challenged racial stereotypes in the 1920s.
What is the Harlem Renaissance?
This policy allowed the U.S. to support Allied nations with supplies while remaining officially neutral.
What is Lend-Lease?
This 1920s economic practice helped create short-term prosperity while contributing to long-term instability that led to the Great Depression.
What is buying on margin (easy credit/stock speculation)?
These laws and court decisions legalized segregation and reinforced racial inequality in the South after Reconstruction.
What are Jim Crow laws and Plessy v. Ferguson?
This investigative journalist exposed the dangers of the meatpacking industry, leading to major consumer protections.
Who was Upton Sinclair?
This 1929 event triggered a global economic collapse and marked the beginning of the Great Depression.
What is the Stock Market Crash of 1929?
This agreement after World War I placed harsh penalties on Germany and contributed to the rise of fascism.
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
This group’s protest highlighted growing frustration with federal inaction and helped shift public opinion toward greater government responsibility.
Who was the Bonus Army?
This federal policy encouraged westward settlement by granting free land, often at the expense of Indigenous peoples.
What is the Homestead Act?
This constitutional amendment granted women the right to vote nationwide in 1920.
What is the 19th Amendment?
These makeshift communities symbolized widespread unemployment and poverty during the Depression.
What are Hoovervilles?
This government program recruited Mexican laborers to work in U.S. agriculture during World War II.
What is the Bracero Program?
This reformer’s approach to racial progress emphasized economic self-help over immediate political equality.
Who is Booker T. Washington?
This labor system trapped many formerly enslaved people in cycles of debt and poverty after the Civil War.
What is sharecropping?
This intercepted message helped push the United States into World War I by proposing an alliance against the U.S.
What is the Zimmerman Telegram?
These were the three main goals of Roosevelt’s New Deal programs.
What are Relief, Recovery, and Reform?
This wartime policy forcibly relocated Japanese Americans, raising serious civil liberties concerns.
What is Japanese American internment?
This comparison shows how the U.S. government responded similarly to perceived threats during World War I and World War II by limiting civil liberties despite democratic ideals.
What are the Espionage and Sedition Acts and Japanese American internment?
This war marked the United States’ emergence as an imperial power with overseas territories.
What is the Spanish-American War?
This postwar organization aimed to prevent future conflicts but was ultimately rejected by the U.S. Senate.
What is the League of Nations?
This New Deal program provided jobs through large-scale public works projects.
What is the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?
This campaign called for victory against fascism abroad and racism at home during World War II.
What is the Double V Campaign?
This criticism from the political right and left shows why the New Deal divided the nation even as it offered relief.
What is that the New Deal either went too far (socialism) or not far enough (wealth redistribution)?