U.S. History STAAR Unit 4

1

100

Is an office used for social security program, along with retirement, disability and survivor’s benefits To qualify you must pay social security benefits

What is Social Security Administration

200

First Lady Appointed by President Truman as a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly Became the first chairperson of the preliminary United Nations Commission on Human Rights

What is Eleanor Roosevelt

300

As husbands and fathers, sons and brothers shipped off to fight in Europe and the Pacific, millions of women and minorities were able to work in factories, offices, and military bases in roles traditionally reserved for non-minority men in peacetime When the war ended, many women and minorities found it difficult to find or keep their jobs because of the millions of non-minority men that re-entered the work force

What is Increased Opportunity for Women (WWII)

400

Name given to the 1st American Volunteer Group of the Chinese Air Force in the early 1940s They were all former Navy, Marine, or Army pilots They went to China to support the Chinese from the aggressive Japanese

What is Flying Tigers

500

Navajo American Indians were recruited by the military to encode, transmit and decode messages The Navajo language was used to develop a code that was not broken by the enemy

What is Navajo Code Talkers

2

100

December 7, 1941?“a date that will live in infamy” As a result of US sanctions hindering their expansion campaign, the Japanese attack

What is Pearl Harbor

200

Created to coordinate all propaganda for domestic and abroad Promoted patriotism Warned of spies Recruited women for war-related work Released news about the war

What is U.S. Office of War

300

Following WWII the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers The US and USSR faced off in an arms race where, for nearly 50 years, they competed to build the biggest and best equipped military forces In the US fear of nuclear attack prompted private citizens to build bomb shelters and worry about nuclear disaster.

What is Arms Race (Cold War)

400

Determined young men who enlisted to become America’s first black military aviators at a time when the US military still practiced racial segregation They participated in over 15,000 sorties and earned over 100 Flying Crosses

What is Tuskegee Airmen

500

government control of gas, tires, scrap metal, nylon, food stuffs

What is Rationing WWII

3

100

1946 Federal court case that challenged racial segregation in Orange County, California schools The District court held that segregating “Mexican” and “Mexican American” students into different “Mexican” schools was unconstitutional

What is Mendez vs Westminister

200

With the increase in marriages and general prosperity, the US added millions of new consumers to its population during the post WWII years

What is Baby Boom

300

During the Communist blockade of West Berlin, British and US planes flew humanitarian supplies into Berlin for nearly a year

What is Berlin Aircraft

400

* American fear of communist attack * Truman’s dislike of Stalin * USSR’s fear of the American's atomic bomb  * USSR’s dislike of capitalism * USSR’s actions in the Soviet zone of Germany * America’s refusal to share nuclear secrets * USSR’s expansion west into Eastern Europe + broken election promises * USSR’s fear of American attack * USSR’s need for a secure western border * USSR’s aim of spreading world communism

What is Cold War Begin

500

A political organization founded in 1979 that supported conservative candidates and lobbied for prayer in public schools

What is Moral Majority

4

100

Outlawed the requirement to pay a poll tax or take a literacy test in order to be eligible to vote

What is Voting Rights Act of 1965

200

1962 – USSR places nuclear missiles in Cuba in response to the USA putting missiles in Turkey President John F Kennedy warned Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev that an attack launched on the United States from missiles based in Cuba would be considered an attack from the Soviet Union The US puts a naval blockade around Cuba. Tensions were very high but eventually both sides backed down. In 1963 Kennedy secured a nuclear test ban treaty with the Soviets Direct communication between the White House and the Kremlin was enacted so the nations’ leaders could communicate in times of crisis

What is Cuban Missile Crisis

300

In 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall proposed an economic program to contain communism. Gave economic aid to Europe and generated increased trade between the United States and European nations Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953

What is Marshall Plan

400

In 1948 Stalin attempted to eliminate involvement of the West in Berlin and enacted the Berlin Blockade. This prompted the United States to join Canada, Iceland, and nine other western European nations in NATO Each member pledged loyalty to the other in case of attack

What is North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

500

Group of 18 southern Democrats and one Republican Worked to block the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by relying on a filibuster in the Senate to postpone the legislation as long as possible, hoping that support for the legislation throughout the country would falter

What is Bloc of Southern Democrats

5

100

1957 – Soviet Union launch of the first spacecraft to orbit the Earth (Sputnik) Led to the creation NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and increased funding for math and science education as the US strived to become and remain technologically superior The first US spacecraft to orbit the Earth was Friendship 7, manned by John Glenn, February 20, 1962

What is Space Race

200

1957 – Soviet Union launch of the first spacecraft to orbit the Earth

What is Sputnik

300

1947 – policy of the Truman administration to support Greece and Turkey with military and economic aid to enable them to “survive as a free nation” Several policies of President Harry S Truman were directed at containing Soviet aggression and he persuaded Congress that this was a global struggle of freedom over communism Truman believed that the United States should support “free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures”

What is Truman Doctrine

400

1948 US Federal District Court case that decided the separation of Mexican American children based on national origin was illegal Force the integration of children in Texas schools but did allow separate classes for the first grade only, for language deficient or non-English speaking students

What is Delgado vs Bastrop ISD

500

1993 A landmark case concerning public school finance and discrimination against students in poor school districts This Texas case led to the decision to redistribute property taxes from wealthy school districts to poorer ones “Robin Hood”

What is Edgewood ISD vs Kirby