Economic Growth and Risk Factors
What are some common aspects of Hoover's and Coolidge's approach toward the economy?
Both believed businesses should be responsible for American prosperity. / Both cut regulations on business.
What was the role of the U.S. in the world after WWI?
the U.S. was a leading economic world power / The U.S. did not want to commit to keeping peace in the world.
Summarize the two major initiatives of the National Industrial Recovery Act.
The NIRA required each major industry to produce a code to regulate production, wages, and prices. The aim was to prevent wage and price cuts. The NIRA also established the Public Works Administration, which employed people around the country
The automobile industry benefitted the most from the discovery of new deposits of which resource?
most important - oil; to a smaller extent - metal ore
Jazz combined musical elements from band music, European harmonies, and...
African American melodies and rhythms.
Of the years listed, which year was a bull market year? (1928; 1930; 1931; 1932)
1928
What does the term "The Red Scare" mean?
Fear of revolutionary or anarchist ideas spreading from foreign countries to the U.S.
Which of the following was made more possible by the passage of the 19th Amendment?
women could vote / women could be elected / in 1924, first two female governors were elected
How did flappers' shorter clothing impact industry?
Less cloth was used, so less work went into sewing garments. Fewer workers were needed. Work hours and salaries were cut in garment making industry.
How did the popularity of the automobile lead to a change in settlement patterns?
Suburbs appeared / People could commute longer distances
Name one positive and one negative effect of "Coolidge Prosperity"
Positives: American industries increased their production, and American workers began to earn more money. They were able to buy products that made life easier, such as refrigerators and vacuum cleaners. Negatives: prices began to rise faster than wages; people began to spend more than they had, buying on credit; value of stock rose faster than value of companies.
Give an example of how some Americans (particularly in the world of literature and arts) responded to disillusionment after World War
Artists and writers moving abroad / A large number of American artists and writers moving to France.
What factors motivated union strikes in the 1920s?
When WWI was over, unionized workers felt entitled to a pay increase and the support of the government. When employers refused to raise workers' pay, the unions went on strike. The courts ruled against the strikers.
Compare the experiences of farmers, coal miners, and union laborers during the 1920s. What did many have in common?
They all suffered financial hardship.
What caused the Dust Bowl disaster and what did 1/3 of the dust-bowlers do?
The severe draught and over-plowing of the land caused it. 1/3 of the people fled from the areas affected.
How did the banking system contribute to the Great Depression?
Banks made risky investments (loans to those who bet on rising prices in the stock market). When the crash came, those investors could not pay back their loans, and many banks went bankrupt.
Describe the purpose of the Kellogg-Briand Pact and why it ultimately proved ineffectual.
In part a response to the horrors of World War I, the Kellogg-Briand Pact was a treaty signed by many nations, including the United States, to outlaw war. The treaty, however, made no provisions for enforcement. Countries involved in disputes had little added incentive from the treaty to avoid armed conflict, so wars continued to occur.
A key factor in the passage of the Emergency Quota Act in 1921 was the nativist attitude regarding
he number of jobs American workers feared would go to immigrants
Which of the following best describes why sit-down strikes resulted in success for workers?
Owners lost more money the longer strikers occupied the factories.
"Is ‘the old-fashioned girl,' with all that she stands for in sweetness, modesty, and innocence, in danger of becoming extinct?" Why did a newspaper in 1921 state this? What tendency in clothing or behavior prompted it?
The rapid rise of flapper fashions / flapper lifestyle.
In which of the following ways did the 1920s wealth gap contribute to the start of the Great Depression?
A concentration of wealth led to less spending across the economy.
Among the first laws passed by FDR was the Truth-in-Securities Act. How did it support his New Deal goals?
The law's goal was to prevent another economic crash.
In what new ways did Eleanor Roosevelt serve in the role of First Lady?
Eleanor Roosevelt traveled widely as First Lady, observing how the Depression impacted people from all walks of life: workers, farmers, women, minorities. She advised the president but also spoke out publicly on a variety of issues