First Americans
What is the name for the land bridge that the first Americans crossed from Asia to Alaska?
Beringia
Which region’s people hunted whales, seals, and used kayaks?
The Far North (Inuit/Aleut)
What disease killed one-third of Europe’s population in the 1300s?
The Black Death
Who was the first European to sail around the southern tip of Africa?
Bartolomeu Dias
What was the Columbian Exchange?
The transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between Old and New Worlds
What do archaeologists use to study the unwritten past?
Artifacts and fossils
What was the Iroquois League?
A political confederation of Eastern tribes
What was feudalism?
A system where vassals served lords in exchange for land
What was Columbus trying to find when he sailed west?
A sea route to Asia
Name one benefit Europeans got from the Columbian Exchange.
New foods like potatoes and corn
How did Paleo-Indians adapt to climate change after the Ice Age?
Hunted smaller animals; gathered plants
Why did Plains tribes rely so heavily on the buffalo?
It provided food, clothing, tools, and shelter
What document limited the power of English monarchs and protected some rights?
The Magna Carta
What does it mean to circumnavigate the globe?
To sail all the way around the world
What devastated many American Indians after contact with Europeans?
European diseases like smallpox
Which civilization built stone pyramids and palaces and studied math and astronomy?
The Maya
How did Native housing reflect their environment?
Built with local materials (igloos, pueblos, longhouses, etc.)
Why did towns begin to grow during the Late Middle Ages?
Better farming led to more food and trade
Why were joint-stock companies formed?
To share financial risk in new ventures
What resources made African kingdoms wealthy before European arrival?
Gold, ivory, and slaves
Which Southwestern society built pueblos out of adobe or stone?
The Anasazi
What farming method did Southwest tribes use to grow crops in dry land?
Irrigation
Name two things the Catholic Church influenced during the Middle Ages.
Politics and culture (also learning/art)
Name two technological advances that helped exploration.
Compass and astrolabe
Why did explorers look for a Northwest Passage?
To find a faster sea route from Atlantic to Pacific