Taylor and Fillmore
Name of the war ended by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The Mexican-American War
What did the Fugitive Slave Act do?
Compelled northern law enforcement to hunt down and return escaped slaves to the south (or allow southern or federal law enforcement to do the same)
Name of the man who raided Harpers Ferry in an attempt to arm a slave rebellion in 1859
John Brown
Colorful name of the paper currency issued during the Civil War with no hard money backing
Greenbacks
Gettysburg
What was Free Soil, and who did the Free Soil Party run as their candidate in 1848?
Free soil - slavery should not be permitted in federal territories
Free soil party - Martin Van Buren
What was the Sumner/Brooks incident
Brooks bashed in Sumner's head with a cane over comments about his relatives
James Buchanan attempted to rush passage of the Lecompton Constitution (of Kansas) which did what?
Established slavery in Kansas (against the wishes of its populace)
What did the Emancipation Proclamation accomplish?
Main difference between McClellan and Burnside
McClellan was overly cautious, Burnside was reckless
What was nativism, and which minor party of the day advocated nativism?
Nativism - significantly restrict immigration and the rights of immigrants, America for native-born (white anglo) Americans
The Know Nothing Party, Native American Party, or American Party
What two things did the Kansas-Nebraska Act do?
Divided the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase land into Kansas and Nebraska
Allow popular sovereignty in both (ending Missouri Compromise)
What was the Crittenden Compromise?
A proposed constitutional amendment that would guarantee slavery's existence south of the original MO compromise line
He was a compromise between the radicals and conservatives
He did not have the political baggage the other candidates had
Why was Sherman considered a revolutionary commander?
His total war/scorched earth tactics (destroying any property that could theoretically be used to help the war effort).
What were the terms of the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty
Neither the US nor Great Britain would build a canal through Central America without giving the other the right of first refusal.
What was the Ostend Manifesto?
Leaked plans of the US to buy Cuba
What was the Freeport Doctrine, and why was it a problem for Democrats in 1860?
Slavery cannot exist anywhere the people do not want it (a restatement of popular sovereignty)
It was put forth by Stephen Douglas, and the Southern Democrats refused to support him in 1860
Name and explain two of the four bills passed under Lincoln that dealt with Western development
Morrill Tariff Act - protective tariff
Homestead Act - parcels of land
Morrill Land Grant Act - technical colleges
Pacific Railway Act - transcontinental railroad
What were the advantages and disadvantages of the North at the beginning of the war?
Advantages: better economy, more people, more infrastructure, stronger central government
Weaknesses: had to fight offensively, the south had the best military commanders
Name three terms of the Compromise of 1850
Admit California as a free state
Apply popular sovereignty to the rest of the Mexican Cession
Pass and strictly enforce a Fugitive Slave Law
Name and describe the crisis that resulted from the Kansas-Nebraska Act
Bleeding Kansas
Pro- and anti-slavery settlers poured into Kansas to sway the vote, often erupting in violent clashes across the territory
1. Black people could not be citizens, because they did not have rights that white people were bound to respect
2. The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
3. Limiting slavery in any federal territory was unconstitutional
According to his second inaugural address, what was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction?
He wanted peace to be made and the division to be healed as quickly as possible. He wanted the "punishment" to be very light to accomplish this.
What were Winfield Scott's Three Pillars of the Union strategy?
1. Complete blockade of the Confederacy (Anaconda Plan)
2. Capture the Mississippi River
3. March on Richmond with an overwhelming force