Module 2 Westward Expansion
This U.S. law provided 160 acres of land out West to any citizen if they cultivated the land for five years.
What is the Homestead Act (1862)?
He invented the telephone.
Who is Alexander Graham Bell?
What is a trust?
This was the chief immigration station in the U.S., located off the New York Harbor from 1892-1924.
What was Ellis Island?
A multi-family, single-room urban dwelling, usually overcrowded and unsanitary to live in.
What is a tenement?
This refers to a minority group's adoption of the beliefs and way of life of the dominant culture (like the U.S.!)
What is assimilation?
This was a cheap and efficient method of turning iron into steel, developed around 1850.
What is the Bessemer process?
In French it means, "to let do", is a form of capitalism that allows companies to conduct business without intervention by the government.
What is laissez-faire?
A mixture of people from different cultures and races who blend together by abandoning their native languages and cultures is known as this.
What is a melting pot?
This was an organized group that controlled party politics in a city and offered immigrants housing and jobs in exchange for their votes and services.
What is a political machine?
Cowboys' journeys to move cattle over trails to shipping centers were known as these.
What were long drives?
The first Transcontinental railroad line combined two railroad lines that met in this current U.S. state.
Where is Utah?
Founder of the American Federation of Labor, the largest trade and craft union in the United States.
Who is Samuel Gompers?
This was the U.S. education program designed to help immigrants assimilate to American culture.
What was the Americanization Movement?
This is the illegal use of political influence for personal gain.
What is graft?
African Americans who migrated from the South to the Northwest like Kansas in the post-Reconstruction years were known as this.
What are exodusters?
Industrialist who invented the first railroad sleeping car and built an entire town in Illinois to house his workers, believing it would maximize worker efficiency.
Who is George Pullman?
These three industrialists made their fortune off of merging their company with other companies and were the titans of the industrial age. They specialized in oil, steel, and banking respectively.
Who were John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and J.P. Morgan?
A 19th century reform movement that called for Christians to help the poor and improve working conditions as a means to earn salvation.
This is a government officeholder's ability to appoint people to government jobs based on loyalty rather than on merit.
What is patronage?
This 1887 law attempted to "Americanize" Native Americans by distributing reservation land to individual owners and using the profits to fund education for them.
What is the Dawes Act?
1887 law that established the government's right to regulate railroad activities and created a five-member commission to do so.
What is the Interstate Commerce Commission?
This was a union of unskilled workers that were formed by radical unionists and socialists in 1905.
What was the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) or the Wobblies?
She was the founder of the Hull House in Chicago that focused on helping poor immigrant women meet their needs and provide them support.
Who is Jane Addams?
This law was passed to end corrupt patronage in civil service jobs by requiring applicants to pass an exam to determine merit rather than be appointed due to loyalty.
What is the Pendleton Civil Service Act?