Terms
the division of power between the national, state, and local governments.
Federalism
Those powers stated in the Constitution
Expressed Powers
A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
The right to a Speedy Trial by jury, representation by an attorney for an accused person
6th Amendment
Written or published false statements that damage a person's reputation
Libel
powers that each branch has over the others so that one branch cannot become more powerful than the other two.
Checks and balances
Those powers covered by the Elastic or "necessary and proper" clause
implied powers
Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
1st Amendment
Abolition of Slavery and Involuntary Servitude
13th Amendment (1-3 set them free)
money or property deposited with a court to gain release from jail
Bail
Review by the Supreme Court of the constitutionality of actions or laws.
Judicial Review
Those powers inherent in the sovereignty of any nation
Inherent power
No quartering of troops
3rd Amendment
Gave women the right to vote (suffrage)
19th Amendment
False speech that damages a person's reputation
Slander
division of power of government into three branches, legislative, executive, and judicial
Separation of Powers
Powers given to the state government alone
reserved powers
Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures
4th Amendment
No cruel and unusual punishment
8th Amendment
reasonable basis for believing a person or premise is connected to a crime
probable cause
Power in the people, literally, people rule
Popular Sovereignty
powers shared by the national and state governments
concurrent powers
The Right to Remain Silent/Double Jeopardy, right to due process
5th Amendment
Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws
14th Amendment
the government's power to take private property for public use
Eminent domain